Radiometals

To find the radioactive and nuclide sources Dosimeters, radiometers, gamma-signaling devices, spectrometers... 

In the field of radiation methods of control, development work was performed in order to create the X-ray detectors with a low content of silver. X-ray TV systems with improved performance for automatic interpretation of the X-ray TV images, portable radiometers and dosimeters, creation of portable equipment for radioscopy of the welded joints of pipelines, etc. 

Reynolds also discussed transpiration under the Influence of a pressure difference alone and gave an account of the phenomenon of Impulsion In a Crookes radiometer, an effect of great Interest to 19ch century scientists. 

Superplasticiy Superplasticizers Super Radiometal Supersaturation Superseed Supersensitization... 

The thermographic sensor is used as a remote sensing radiometer when a reference target is imaged. It is usually necessary to correct for emissivity and atmospheric transmission to determine surface temperature with a reasonable degree of accuracy. 

Radiometer A sensitive instrument for the measurement of heat radiation. 

The second category includes BLEVE simulation, in which a pressurized, heated flask containing liquid or liquefied fuel is broken after the desired vapor pressure has been reached, and the released vapor is then ignited. Measurement of fireball diameter, liftoff time, combustion duration, and final height is captured by filming with high-speed cameras. Radiometers are used to measure radiation and temperature is measured by thermocouples or by determination of fireball color temperature (Lihou and Maund 1982). 

The thermal flux recorded by a radiometer 50 m from the vessel is shown in Figure 6.7 it indicates a peak value of 66 kW/m. The total heat dosage at this point was 115 kJ/m, and the duration of the fireball was about 4 seconds. 

Table 6.2 presents an overview of surface-emissive powers measured in the British Gas tests, as back-calculated from radiometer readings. Peak values of surface-emissive powers were approximately 100 kW/m higher than these average values, but only for a short duration. Other large-scale tests include those conducted to investigate the performance of fire-protection systems for LPG tanks. 

Strahlen-gang, n. path of rays beam, -glimmer, m. striated mica, -hitrte, /. hardness of radiation, -kegel, m. cone of rays, -kunde, /. radiology, -kupfer, n. clinoclasite. -mes-ser, m. radiometer actinometer. -optik, /. geometrical optics. 

Collecting optics, radiation detectors and some form of indicator are the basic elements of an industrial infrared instrument. The optical system collects radiant energy and focuses it upon a detector, which converts it into an electrical signal. The instrument s electronics amplifies the output signal and process it into a form which can be displayed. There are three general types of instruments that can be used for predictive maintenance infrared thermometers or spot radiometers line scanners and imaging systems. 

Infrared thermometers or spot radiometers are designed to provide the actual surface temperature at a single, relatively small point on a machine or surface. Within a predictive maintenance program, the point-of-use infrared thermometer can be used in conjunction with many of the microprocessor-based vibration instruments to monitor the temperature at critical points on plant machinery or equipment. This technique is typically used to monitor bearing cap temperatures, motor winding temperatures, spot checks of process piping temperatures and similar applications. It is limited in that the temperature represents a single point on the machine or structure. However when used in conjunction with vibration data, point-of-use infrared data can be a valuable tool. 

NH/ 3 10 5 NH4N03) Orion, Philips, Polymetron, Radelkis, Radiometer, Schott Gen., Tacussel... 

The discussion of Section 5-1 clearly illustrates that the most important response characteristic of an ISE is selectivity. Depending on the nature of the membrane material used to impart the desired selectivity, ISEs can be divided into three groups glass, liquid, or sohd electrodes. More than two dozen ISEs are commercially available and are widely used (although many more have been reported in the literature). Such electrodes are produced by firms such as Orion Research, Radiometer, Coming Glass, Beckman, Hitachi, or Sensorex. 

DC current was supplied through the development and test sections for direct heating. The outer temperature on the heated wall was measured by means of an infrared radiometer. Experiments were carried out in the range of Re = 10-450. The average Nusselt number was calculated using the average temperature of the inner tube wall and mean temperature of the fluid at the inlet and outlet of the tube. 

The Advanced-Very-High-Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR) carried on board the NOAA-7 satellite has been collecting radiance data from the earth s surface since 1978. The polar-orbiting satellite records global data on a neardaily basis. The 4-kilometer data have been remapped by NO A A into monthly composites. The data are collected in 2 bands-one visible (VIS), the other near infrared (NIR). The Normalized Difference Vegetation Index, or NDVI, defined... 

Fung, I. Y., Tucker, C. J. and Prentice, K. C. (1987). Application of Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer vegetation index to study atmosphere-biosphere exchange of CO2, /. Geophys. Res. 92, 2999-3015. 

Hoell, J. M., Harward, C. N. and Williams, B. S. (1980). Remote infrared heterodyne radiometer measurements of atmospheric ammonia profiles. Geophys. Res. Lett. 7,325-328. 

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