Radiolabeled monoclonal antibodies

Liu, Y., and Wu, C. (1991) Radiolabeling monoclonal antibodies with metal chelates. Pure Appl. Cbem. 63, 427-463. 

Radiation therapy The use of high-energy radiation from x-rays, gamma rays, neutrons, and other sources to ktil cancer cells and shrink tumors. Radiation may come from a machine outside the body (external-beam radiation therapy), or it may come from radioactive material placed in the body in the area near cancer cells (internal radiation therapy, implant radiation, or brachytherapy). Systemic radiation therapy uses a radioactive substance, such as a radiolabeled monoclonal antibody, that circulates throughout the body. Also called radiotherapy, [nih]... 

Pimm, M. V., Durrant, L. G., and Baldwin, R. W. Influence of circulating antigen on the biodistribution and tumor localization of radiolabelled monoclonal antibody in a human tumor Nude mouse xenograft model. Eur. J. Cancer. Clin. Oncol. 25 1325-1332, 1989. 

S. C. Srivastava (Ed.), Radiolabeled Monoclonal Antibodies for Imaging and Therapy, Plenum Press, New York, 1988... 

LINDMO, T, BOVEN, E., CUTTITTA, E, FEDORKO, J., BUNN, P.A., Jr., Determination of the immunoreactive fraction of radiolabelled monoclonal antibodies by linear extrapolation to binding at infinite antigen excess, J. Immunol. Methods 72 (1984) 77-89. 

Wahl, R. L., Barrett, J., Geatti, 0., Liebert, M., Wilson, B. S., Fisher, S and Wagner, J. G. (1988) The intraperitoneal delivery of radiolabeled monoclonal antibodies studies on the regional delivery advantage. Cancer Immunol. Immunother. 26,187-201. 

Muzykantov V. and Danilov, S. (1995) Targeting of radiolabeled monoclonal antibody against ACE to the pulmonary endothelium, in Targeted Delivery of Imaging Agents (Torchilin, V., ed.), CRC, Boca Ration, FL, pp. 465 485. 

Finally, agents targeting HIFl-a and CAIX including anti-CAIX radiolabeled monoclonal antibody are also... 

Goldenberg, D.M., Deland, F.H., History and status of tumour imaging with radiolabeled monoclonal antibodies. J. Nucl. Med. 1985, 25, 538-549. 

The use of radiopharmaceuticals for therapeutic apphcations a- or )8 -emitters) is increasing. The first EDA-approved radiopharmaceutical in the United States was, in fact, for therapeutic use. Sodium iodide was approved in 1951 for treating thyroid patients. There are currently FDA-approved radiopharmaceuticals for alleviating pain in patients whose cancer has metastasized to their bones. These include sodium P-phosphate, Sr-chloride, and Sm-EDTMP (where EDTMP stands for ethylenedi-aminetetramethylphosphate). In February 2002 the first radiolabeled monoclonal antibody was approved by the FDA for the radioimmxmotherapy treatment of cancer. Yttrium-90-labeled anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody is used to treat patients with non-Hodgkin s lymphoma. 

Goldenberg D M (1989). Future role of radiolabeled monoclonal antibodies in oncological diagnosis and therapy. Semin. Nucl. Med. 19(4) 332-339. 

Stein R, Goldenberg D M, Thorpe S R, et al. (1995). Effects of radiolabeling monoclonal antibodies with a residualizing iodine radiolabel in the accretion of radioisotope in tumors. Cancer Res. 55 3132-3139. 

Rogers B E, Anderson CJ, Connett J M,et al. (1996). Comparison of four bifunctional chelates for radiolabeling monoclonal antibodies with copper radioisotopes biodistribution and metabolism. Bioconjug. Chem. 7 511-522. 

Smith-Jones PM, VaUabhajosula S, Navarro V, Bastidas D, Goldsmith SJ, Bander NH. Radiolabeled monoclonal antibodies specific to the extracellular domain of prostate-specific membrane antigen preclinical studies in nude mice bearing LNCaP hiunan prostate tiunor. J Nucl Med 2003 44 610-617. 

Pinkas L, Robins PD, Forstrom LA, Mahoney DW, MuUan BP. Clinical experience with radiolabelled monoclonal antibodies in the detection of colorectal and ovarian carcinoma recurrence and review of the literature. Nucl Med Commun 1999 20 689-696. 

One of the main goals in radiopharmacy has been to develop a radiopharmaceutical that concentrated only in the organ or structure of interest. For example, if a radiopharmaceutical concentrated only in tumors and not in other tissues, it would be possible to detect them at a very early stage of development when the chance of successful treatment was high. Such a pharmaceutical could also be used to target a radiolabel that would destroy the tumorous tissue. The principle hope for matty years has been on radiolabeled monoclonal antibodies. While the desired specificity has not yet been achieved there are signs that some very useful agents may be produced. 

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