Cancer radiolabelled monoclonal antibodies

Radiation therapy The use of high-energy radiation from x-rays, gamma rays, neutrons, and other sources to ktil cancer cells and shrink tumors. Radiation may come from a machine outside the body (external-beam radiation therapy), or it may come from radioactive material placed in the body in the area near cancer cells (internal radiation therapy, implant radiation, or brachytherapy). Systemic radiation therapy uses a radioactive substance, such as a radiolabeled monoclonal antibody, that circulates throughout the body. Also called radiotherapy, [nih]... 

Pimm, M. V., Durrant, L. G., and Baldwin, R. W. Influence of circulating antigen on the biodistribution and tumor localization of radiolabelled monoclonal antibody in a human tumor Nude mouse xenograft model. Eur. J. Cancer. Clin. Oncol. 25 1325-1332, 1989. 

Wahl, R. L., Barrett, J., Geatti, 0., Liebert, M., Wilson, B. S., Fisher, S and Wagner, J. G. (1988) The intraperitoneal delivery of radiolabeled monoclonal antibodies studies on the regional delivery advantage. Cancer Immunol. Immunother. 26,187-201. 

The use of radiopharmaceuticals for therapeutic apphcations a- or )8 -emitters) is increasing. The first EDA-approved radiopharmaceutical in the United States was, in fact, for therapeutic use. Sodium iodide was approved in 1951 for treating thyroid patients. There are currently FDA-approved radiopharmaceuticals for alleviating pain in patients whose cancer has metastasized to their bones. These include sodium P-phosphate, Sr-chloride, and Sm-EDTMP (where EDTMP stands for ethylenedi-aminetetramethylphosphate). In February 2002 the first radiolabeled monoclonal antibody was approved by the FDA for the radioimmxmotherapy treatment of cancer. Yttrium-90-labeled anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody is used to treat patients with non-Hodgkin s lymphoma. 

Stein R, Goldenberg D M, Thorpe S R, et al. (1995). Effects of radiolabeling monoclonal antibodies with a residualizing iodine radiolabel in the accretion of radioisotope in tumors. Cancer Res. 55 3132-3139. 

Subramanian, R., and Meares, C.F. (1991) Bifunctional chelating agents for radiometal-labeled monoclonal antibodies. In Cancer Imaging with Radiolabeled Antibodies (D.M. Coldenberg, ed.), pp. 183-199. Kluwer, Boston, MA. 

The application of antibodies in cardiovascular targeting in vivo originated with the experimental demonstration of the feasibility of using radiolabeled antimyosin antibody for diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction in 1976. Since then, the use of antibodies in the cardiovascular system has encompassed imaging of myocarditis,heart transplant rejection, dilated cardiomyopathy, alcohol induced cardiomyopathy,adriamycin cardiotoxicity, various other cardiomyopathies, vascular clots, atherosclerotic lesions,and even certain cancers such as soft tissue sarcomas.f Yet the best characterized and studied antibody for cardiovascular diagnostic targeting is monoclonal antimyosin Fab for its exquisite specificity... 

Sutherland, R. M., Buchegger, F Schreyer, M Vacca, A., and Mach, J. P. (1987) Penetration and binding of radiolabeled anti-carcinoembryonic antigen monoclonal antibodies and their antigen binding fragments in human colon multicellular spheroids. Cancer Res. 47, 1627-1633. 

Jurcic JG, Caron PC, Nikula TK, Papadopou-los EB, Finn RD, Gansow OA, et al. Radiolabeled anti-CD33 monoclonal antibody M195 for myeloid leukemias. Cancer Res 1995 55 5908s-5910s. 

Stein R, Govindan S V, Mattes M J, et al. (2003). Improved iodine radiolabels for monoclonal antibody therapy. Cancer Res. 63 111-118. 

Griffiths G L, Goldenberg D M, Knapp Jr. F F, et al. (1991). Direct radiolabeling of monoclonal antibodies with generator-produced rhenium-188 for radioimmunotherapy Labeling and animal biodistribution studies. Cancer Res. 51 4594-4602. 

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