Radiation internal

International Commission on Radiological Protection PubHcation 2, Report of Committee II on Permissible Dose for Internal Radiation, Pergamon press, Oxford, 1959. 

Brachytherapy A procedure in which radioactive material, sealed in needles, seeds, wires, or catheters, is placed directly into or near a tumor. Also called internal radiation, implant radiation, or interstitial radiation therapy. 

In International Radiation Protection Society. Radiation protection A systemic approach to safety Proceedings of the 5th congress of the International Radiation Protection Society, Jerusalem, March 1980. New York Pergamon Press, 607-610. 

ICRP. 1960. International Commission of Radiological Protection. Report of Committee II on permissible dose for internal radiation. Health Phys 3 146. 

Radiation, Internal—Radiation from a source within the body (as a result of deposition of radionuclides in body tissues). 

Supplementation of drug therapy using internal radiation by intra-arterial delivery of radiolabeled microspheres Yttrium 90... 

Castren, 0., M. Asikainen, M. AnnanmSki and K. Stenstrand, High natural radioactivity of bored wells as a radiation hygienic problem in Finland, Proc. of the 4th International Congress of International Radiation Protection Association pp. 1033-1036, Paris (1977). 

Mamede, M., Saga, T., Kobayashi, H., Ishimori, T., Higashi, T., Sato, N., Brechbiel, M.W., and Konishi, J. (2003) Radiolabeling of avidin with very high specific activity for internal radiation therapy of intra-peritoneally disseminated tumors. Clin. Cancer Res. 9, 3756-3762. 

If threatened by radiological contaminants after a terrorist attack, an individual can use a folded handkerchief, dust mask, gas mask, or any available material to limit the ingestion or inhalation of contaminants. Potentially contaminated puncture wounds can be washed to limit internal doses, although medical treatment by a trained professional is advised, as described in Chapter 7. A more detailed discussion on reducing exposure to internal radiation is presented in Chapter 4. 

Radiation therapy The use of high-energy radiation from x-rays, gamma rays, neutrons, and other sources to kill cancer cells and shrink tumors. Radiation may come from a machine outside the body (external-beam radiation therapy), or it may come from radioactive material placed in the body in the area near cancer cells (internal radiation therapy, implant radiation, or brachytherapy). Systemic radiation therapy uses a radioactive substance, such as a radiolabeled monodonal antibody, that circulates throughout the body. Also called radiotherapy, [nih]... 

Hakonson, T.E., Johnson, L.J. In Proceedings of the Third International Congress of the International Radiation Protection Association, Washington, D.C. (Snyder, W.S., ed.)... 

Definition of the role of forest gifts as a source of internal radiation exposure of the local population in Ukrainian Polissya... 

In a method using a radioisotope, e.g., as an internal radiation source, the difference in a fluorescence intensity with and without a d.c. electric field is assumed to be due to electron-ion recombination, and the kr value is determined by the time-resolved measurement of the fluorescence with the known number density of ionization, which is separately determined. 

Fischer, R, F. Fergg and D. Rabus (1980) Radiometric measurements of stratospheric H20, HNOj and NO] profiles. Proceedings of die International Radiation Symposium, Fort Collins, August 1980. 

Rozanov, V.V., Yu. M. Timofeyev, M.S. Biryulina, J.P. Burrows, R.J.D. Spurr and D. Diebel (1993) Accuracy of atmospheric constituent retrieval from multichannel remote sensing instruments. Proceedings of the International Radiation Symposium 1992, pp. 394-397. 

Internal radiation therapy is a much more selective technique than external therapy. In the treatment of thyroid disease, for example, iodine-131, a powerful f3 emitter known to localize in the target tissue, is administered internally. Because f3 particles penetrate no farther than several millimeters, the localized 131I produces a high radiation dose that destroys only the surrounding diseased tissue. 

Muller, W. M. in Radiation Protection, Proc. 5th Congr. International Radiation Protection Soc., Jerusalem, March 1980, p. 1056, Oxford - New York - Toronto - Sydney - Paris -Frankfurt, Pergamon Press 1980... 

Given the models for estimating external or internal radiation doses in specific organs or tissues, the following sections consider the responses resulting from a given dose by any route of exposure. As is the case with hazardous chemicals, both stochastic and deterministic radiation effects can occur. 

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