Public product safety

More recent publications on sulfosuccinates have confirmed the minimal or close to zero skin and eye irritation caused by these products. In a general screening of product safety evaluation methods the authors [16] rejected the sulfosuccinate from further consideration in the statistical analysis of experimental data (variance analysis) because the product had not shown any irritation in the Duhring-Chamber test. The sulfosuccinate (based on fatty alcohol ethoxy late) was tested in a screening with 14 other surfactants, namely, alkyl sulfates, sulfonates, ether sulfates, and a protein fatty acid condensation product. 

The EU will accept applications without supporting pre-clinical and clinical data, if it can be demonstrated that the active substances have been in well-established medical use in the Community for at least 10 years, with recognised efficacy and an acceptable level of safety. This route would be appropriate for many common over-the-counter (OTC) products. Safety and efficacy is supported by providing copies of published scientific literature as part of the submission that is, the submission relies on safety and efficacy data available in the public domain, as opposed to confidential data from authorised applications that is the cornerstone of generic applications. 

D Health Safety Topics j D Publications Products B Data Statistics... 

Health Safety Topics Publications Products Data Statistics Conferences Events... 

In the USA, the toy industry has decided not to disclose what chemicals are used in its products - a move which is against the hopes of Environmental Defense of New York, a group who believes that companies should disclose this information so that the public can make informed choices. Details of the debate are recorded here. ENVIRONMENTAL DEFENSE TOY INDUSTRY ASSOCIATION US,CONSUMER PRODUCT SAFETY COMMISSION US,ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY MATTEL INC. HASBRO INC. LEGO SYSTEMS INC. AMERICAN CHEMISTRY COUNCIL US,GOVERNMENT TOY MANUFACTURERS OF AMERICA INC. 

It is reported here that the US Public Interest Research Group (PIRG) is charging that the Consumer Product Safety Commission s science advisory panel is moving too slowly, and relying on inadequate data, in evaluating the safety of a phthalate plasticiser, diisononyl phthalate. 

Underwriters Laboratories Inc. (UL) UL is an independent, not-for-profit product safety testing and certification organization. UL has tested products for public safety for more than a century with more than 14 billion UL Marks applied to products worldwide. UL has developed a standard for inverters that can be applied to fuel cells. 

Ministry of Health of Canada (2009) Canada Consumer Product Safety Act. Bill C-6. 15.12.2009. http //www.parl.gc.ca/HousePublications/Publication. aspx Docid=3986468 flle=4... 

Although much useful information on ciguetera toxins has been generated, the presence of these toxins in some seafood remains a serious international health problem. Future research goals should include the development of practical tests for product safety, the development of specific antidotes for the toxins, the introduction of methods to minimize the accidental consumption of toxic seafood, the discovery of the genesis of the toxins and methods to control the problem, and the development and dissemination of an information base on all aspects of this and other seafood toxin problems for the seafood industry, health personnel, researchers, and the public. 

A number of variables influence the likelihood of an adverse event being reported. These include the length of time that a product has been marketed, the market share, experience and sophistication of the population using the product, and publicity about adverse events. Currently there is little incentive for health professional reporting of adverse events, which partially imderlies the problem with underreporting. Lack of exposure data and the issue of underreporting preclude estimation of incidence rates. Causality assessment is difficult or impossible because of the quality of the data received and the lack of a comparator (control) group. Finally, comparisons of product safety cannot be directly obtained from adverse event data. 

The DOT has established slandards for the packaging and labeling of hazardous materials offered for shipment by public transportation. The Consumer Product Safety Commission (CPSC) has set standards for... 

UL s consumer advisory council was formed to advise LJL in establishing levels of safety for consumer products to provide UL with additional user field experience and failure information in the field of product safety, and to aid in educating the general public in the limitations and safe use of specific consumer products. 

Consumer Products Safety Act and Consumer Products Safety Commission Improvements Act. Administered by a Consumer Products Safety Commission, the Consumer Products Safety Act is designed to protect the public against risk of injury from consumer products and to set safety standards for such products. 

Until the passage of OBRA 1990 (Public Law 101-508), federal law in the pharmacy arena had been concerned primarily with drug product safety. OBRA 90, while not explicitly usurping the police powers of the states, required that to be eligible for federal matching... 

What do these ideas have to do with science The answer is that science as an undertaking is a quite human process that relies on many decisions. For example, progress in science relies on the complete honesty of those who report their experimental results, because (among other reasons) those results are key to the understanding of the natural phenomena under investigation. In addition, because scientific results are generally made public and accessible to all, it is extremely important that scientific results are trustworthy. If results are not reported honestly, then anyone who uses these results in his or her work has had his or her trust violated, and the injured party has wasted time and other resources. When the results impact a field such as medicine, or bear on product safety, an immense number of people could be put in harm s way because of decisions made on the basis of false information. 

Any consumer product, as the term is defined in the Consumer Product Safety Act, packaged for distribution to the general public. For example, if you mix or package one-gallon cans of paint designed for use by the general public, notification is not required. 

In 1988 producers of basic industrial chemicals, plastics, and fibers in tlie United States increased tlieir sales at least 10% to about 90 billion (exclusive of foreign subsidiaries) primarily as a result of increased demand at home and abroad. Along witli tlie increase of chemical production safety and accident prevention liave become more critical and essential. Such dramatic releases of toxic chemicals as tliose tliat occurred in Bhopal and at Three Mile Island have heightened public concern for tlie int rity of process fecilities tliat handle liazardous materials. 

The US Consumer Product Safety Commission (CPSC) is an independent federal regulatory agency created by Congress in 1972. The agency s mission is to protect the public against unreasonable risks of injuries and deaths associated with consumer products. The CPSC has jurisdiction over 15 000 types of products used in and around the home, in schools, and in recreation. Products under the jurisdiction of CPSC include clothing, children s articles, household appliances, home furnishings, cleaners, and consumer fireworks. CPSC is directed by three Commissioners, each of whom is appointed by the President of the United States, with one of the Commissioners nominated by the President to the position of Chairman. 

The assessment of safety in the use of medicinal products starts before the first administration to humans and continues throughout the development of the medicine to the MA for the lifetime of the drug. It is governed by a set of comprehensive rules, which are published in Volume 9 of the rules governing the use of medicinal products in the EU, notice to applicants (see boxed item above). These rules have seen several major updates in the time since the first publication in 1986, and a comprehensive review is currently ongoing. The nonclinical aspects of product safety are discussed elsewhere in this book. 

Acute iron poisoning can produce death in children and adults. An analysis by the Consumer Products Safety Commission concluded that iron poisoning remains a significant public health threat to young children based on injury andmortality data from 1980 through 1996. The 2003 AAPCC-TESS report documented 32,991 nonfatal and 4 fatal cases, respectively, of iron poisoning, with 81% of the exposures in children younger than 6 years of age. In most cases (90%), multiple vitamins with iron were the source of iron. ... 

Poison Prevention Packaging A Textbook for Pharmacists and Physicians. Publication number 384. Washington, US Consumer Product Safety Commission, 1999 available at http //www.cpsc.gov/cpscpub/ pubs/384.pdf accessed January 9, 2004. 

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