Pseudorabies

Suggested Alternatives for Differential Diagnosis Hog cholera, salmonellosis, erysipelas, Glasser s disease, erysipelas, septicemic salmonellosis, pasteurellosis, Haemophilus suis infection, Streptococcus suis infection, eperythrozoonosis, porcine dermatitis and nephropathy syndrome, porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome, pseudorabies, coumarin poisoning, and salt poisoning. 

Suggested Alternatives for Differential Diagnosis Classical swine fever, African swine fever, pseudorabies, rabies, Japanese encephalitis, edema disease, hemagglutinating encephalomyelitis, bacterial meningoencephalitis, porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS) virus, hypoglycemia, water deprivation/salt intoxication, and other toxins. 

Suggested Alternatives for Differential Diagnosis Sheep Scrapie, pregnancy toxemia, hypocalcemia, tetanus, listeriosis, tick pyemia, hypocuprosis, rabies, hydatid disease, and various plant poisons. Cattle Malignant catarrhal fever, listeriosis, pseudorabies, bovine spongiform encephalopathy, rabies, hypomagnesemia, hypocalcemia, acute lead poisoning, and certain plant poisons. 

Li+ has significant inhibitory effects upon DNA viruses, in particular HSV which has been studied in depth. It was originally shown that Li+ inhibits viral replication in a dose-dependent, reversible manner in HSV-infected baby hamster kidney cells [240], and this has been found to be due to a Li+-induced decrease in the synthesis of viral DNA [241]. It is now well established that Li+ inhibits DNA synthesis in HSV types 1 and 2 and in several other DNA viruses, including measles, vaccinia, adenovirus, poxvirus, pseudorabies virus, Epstein-Barr virus, and the bovine, equine, and canine HV s [241]. Interestingly, Li+ has no effect on the replication of RNA viruses, such as influenza or encephalomyo-carditis virus. 

Arsenicals were ineffective in controlling certain bacterial and viral infections. Mice experimentally infected with bacteria (Klebsiella pneumonias) or viruses (pseudorabies, encephalitis, encephalmyocarditis) showed a significant increase in mortality when treated with large doses of arsenicals compared to nonarsenic-treated groups (NAS 1977 Aranyi et al. 1985). 

VanRooij, E.M., Haagmans, B.L., de Visser, Y.E., de Bruin, M.G., Boersma, W. and Bianchi, A.T. (1998) Effect of vaccination route and composition of DNA vaccine on the induction of protective immunity against pseudorabies infection in pigs. Vet. Immunol. Immunopathol., 66, 113-126. 

Aston-Jones, G. and Card, J. P. (2000). Use of pseudorabies virus to delineate multisynaptic circuits in brain Opportunities and limitations. J. Neurosci. Methods 103(1), 51-61. 

Card, J. P. et al. (1990). Neurotropic properties of pseudorabies virus Uptake and transneuronal passage in the rat central nervous system. J. Neurosci. 10 (6), 1974-1994. 

Husak, P. J., Kuo, T. and Enquist, L. W. (2000). Pseudorabies virus membrane proteins gl and gE facilitate anterograde spread of infection in projection-specific neurons in the rat. J. Virol. 74(23), 10975-10983. 

Procedure for production of herpes simplex, pseudorabies or EMC virus... 

Herpes and pseudorabies viruses will infect BHK Cl 3 cells in suspension. 

For herpes and pseudorabies virus this assay is similar to the... 

After 1 h add 5 ml Eagle s medium +10% tryptose phosphate broth +10% calf serum (pseudorabies) or 5% human serum (herpes) and return to the incubator. 

After 2 h add heparin to the pseudorabies virus infected cultures. 

O Donnell P, Lavin A, Enquist LW, Grace AA, Card JP (1997) Interconnected parallel circuits between rat nucleus accumbens and thalamus revealed by retrograde transynaptic transport of pseudorabies virus. J Neurosci 77 2143-2167. 

Mucsi et al. [78] reported that trifluoperazine, chlorpromazine, and promethazine were effective against herpes simplex virus. Certain benzo[a]-phenothiazines also produced identical results against herpes virus [78]. Some structurally related phenothiazines exhibited photodynamic activity against the pseudorabies virus [33]. The inhibitory effect of the phenothiazines was investigated on the multiplication of several viruses. 

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