Propranolol chromatography

Nikolai LN, McClure EL, MacLeod SL, Wong CS (2006) Stereoisomer quantification of the Beta-blocker drugs atenolol, metoprolol, and propranolol in wastewaters by chiral high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr A 1131 103-109... 

Xia, Y.-Q., Bakhtiar, R., and Erankhn, R.B., Automated online dual-column extraction coupled with teicoplanin stationary phase for simultaneous determination of (R)- and (5)-propranolol in rat plasma using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry, J. Chromatogr. B, 788, 317, 2003. 

SG Penn, G Liu, ET Bergstrom, DM Goodall, JS Loran. Systematic approach to treatment of enantiomeric separations in capillary electrophoresis and liquid chromatography. I. Initial evaluation using propranolol and dansylated amino acids. J Chromatogr A 680 147-155, 1994. 

K. Yamashita, M. Motohashi and T. Yashiki, Sensitive high-performance liquid chromatographic determination of propranolol in human plasma with ultraviolet detection using column switching combined with ion-pair chromatography , J. Chromatogr. 527 196-200(1990). 

Wainer, I. and Doyle, T., The direct enantiomeric determination of (-) and (+)-propranolol in human serum by high-performance liquid chromatography on a chiral stationary phase, J. Chromatogr., 306, 405, 1984. 

M. Wilson and T. Walle, Silica gel high performance liquid chromatography for the simultaneous determination of propranolol and 4-hydroxypropranolol enantiomers after chiral derivatization, J. Chromatogr., 370 424-430 (1984). 

A. Sedman and J. Gal, Resolution of the enantomers of propranolol and other beta-adrenergic antagonists by high performance liquid chromatography, J. Chromatogr., 278 199-203 (1983). 

Steuer et al. demonstrated the use of supercritical fluid chromatography in the separation of enantiomers of 1,2 amino alcohols, namely pindolol, metoprolol, oxprenolol, propranolol, and DPT 201-106 using ionpairing modifiers [21]. The mobile phase consisted of carbon dioxide mixed with acetonitrile containing triethylamine as a counterion and /V-benzo-xycarbonylglycyl-L-proline as a chiral counterion. They found that the ca-... 

V. Das Gupta, Quantitation of propranolol hydrochloride in pharmaceutical dosage forms by high-performance liquid chromatography, Drug Dev. Ind. Pharm., 77 1931 (1985). 

Biermanns et al. reported the chiral resolution of /3-blockers, including propranolol, metoprolol, and atenolol using packed-column supercritical fluid chromatography [38]. A Chiracel OD column with a mobile phase of 30% methanol with 0.5% isopropylamine in carbon dioxide was used for the separation. A baseline separation of isomers was obtained in less than 5 min at a mobile-phase flow rate of 2 ml/min. While keeping the column outlet pressure constant, the flow rate was increased to 4 ml/min and it was noted that, although the retention was reduced, the resolution remained the same. Both R- and S-propranolol gave linear responses from 0.25-2500 ppm with a correlation coefficient of >0.9999. The detection limit was approximately 250 ppb for a S/N ratio of 3. The reproducibility for both R- and S-propranolol was less than 1.5%. It was also noted that 0.09% R-propranolol can be quantitated in the presence of 2500 ppm of S-Propranolol. 

High Pressure Liquid Chromatography. System HA—propranolol k 1.3, 4-hydroxypropranolol k 1.1. 

High Pressure Liquid Chromatography. In plasma propranolol and 4-hydroxypropranolol, sensitivity 1 ng/ml for propranolol, fluorescence detection—R. L. Nation et al., J. Chromat.,... 

Partani, P., Modhave, Y., Gurule, S., Khuroo, A., Monif, T. Simultaneous determination of propranolol and 4-hydroxypropranolol in human plasma by solid phase extraction and liquid chromatography/electrospray tandem mass spectrometry. J. Phatm. Biomed. Anal. 50, 966-976 (2009)... 

The method correlated well with both a high-performance liquid chromatography and an RIA procedure, with a slope approximating 1 in each case. The HPLC procedure at least measures both enantiomers. The most probable explanation of this result is that the enantiomers differ little in concentration in human plasma under the conditions of the experiment. Since racemic propranolol was used for generating the standard displacement curve, inability to detect the d isomer would be compensated for. 

In the future, compounds may be recovered on scale by selective adsorption to resins (resin capture). In this way the product could be fished out from a mixture of compounds, even if the product were there in relatively dilute conditions. The biochemical analogy is affinity chromatography, e.g., the isolation of biotin and biotin-containing compounds by adsorption to avidin. In a recent example, propranolol (38) was fished out from a crude preparation by binding to... 

York P, Ticehurst MD, Osborn JC, Roberts RJ, Rowe RC. Characterisation of the surface energetics of milled dl-propranolol hydrochloride using inverse gas chromatography and molecular modeling. Int J Pharm 1998 174 179-186. 

Measurement of total urinary metanephrines using spectrophotometric methods has also been reported." " After sample hydrolysis and isolation of metanephrines by ion-exchange chromatography, the hydroxyl- and amino-containing side-chains were oxidatively cleaved by periodate. Oxidation of both NM and MN resulted in the formation of a common end product, vanillin, which was measured spectrophotometricafly at 360 nm. This method was, however, susceptible to interferences from other compounds such as methylglucamine and the 4-hydroxylated metabolite of propranolol." Furthermore, the method did not differentiate between NM and MN, and results were only semi-quantitative for grossly increased concentrations of total metanephrines." " ... 

Chen, J. et al., Supercritical fluid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry for the enantioselective determination of propranolol and pindolol in mouse blood by serial sampling, Anal. Chem., 78(4), 1212, 2006. 

Hsieh, Y. et al., Chiral supercritical fluid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry for the simultaneous determination of pindolol and propranolol in metabolic stability samples, Rapid Commun. Mass Spectrom., 19(21), 3037, 2005. 

Cronqvist, J. Nilsson-Ehle, I. Determination of acyclovir in human serum hy hi -performance liquid chromatography. J.Liq.Chromatogr., 1988, 11, 2593-2601 [serum non-interfering acetaminophen, allopurinol, baclofen, carbacholine, cefuroxime, chlorpropamide, cilastatin, cloxacillin, diazepam, di-cumarol, digoxin, flucloxacillm, furosemide, fusidic acid, fusidic, glipizide, heparin, hydrochlorothiazide, imipenem, insulin, isoniazid, ketoprofen, metronidazole, naproxen, perphenazine, phenytoin, prednisolone, propranolol, p3razinamide, p3ridoxine, ranitidine, rifampicin, rifampin, spironolactone, streptomycin, sulfamethoxazole, trimethoprim, warfarin]... 

Bailey, C.J. Ruane, R.J. Wilson, I.D. Packed-column supercritical fluid chromatography of p-blockers. J.Chromatogr.Sci., 1994, 32, 426-429 [SFC also alprenolol, labetalol, metoprolol, oxprenolol, pindolol, practolol, propranolol, toliprolol, xamoterol]... 

Hamoir, T. Massart, D.L. Retention prediction for p-adrenergic blocking drugs in normal-phase liquid chromatography. J.ChromatogrA, 1994, 673, 1-10 [column temp 30 cyanopropyl column also ace-butolol, alprenolol, bunitrolol, bupranolol, carazolol, mepindolol, metipranolol, metoprolol, nadolol, oxprenolol, penbutolol, pindolol, practolol, prenalterol, propranolol, tertatolol]... 

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