Beta-adrenergic antagonist

Carvediol is a vasodilator with beta-adrenergic antagonist activity. It has cardioprotective activity in animal models. The antioxidant effect of carvediol was compared with five other beta blockers in iron-initiated lipid peroxidation, where it inhibited TBARs formation and protected membrane-bound tocopherol in rat brain homogenate (Yue et al., 1992a). The ortJ <)-substituted phenoxylethyl-amine is responsible for the improved antioxidant activity. 

Kawazu K, Shiono H, Tanioka H, Ota A, Ikuse T, Takashina H, Kawashima Y. Beta-adrenergic antagonist permeation across cultured rabbit corneal epithelial cells grown on permeable supports. Curr Eye Res 17 125-131 (1998). 

NSAID and warfarin ACE inhibitors and K-sparing dinretic Verapamil and beta-adrenergic antagonists Nenromnscnlar (NM) blockers and aminoglycosides Alcohol and benzodiazpines Thioridazine and halofantrine Clozapine and co-trimoxazole Increased risk of bleeding Increased risk of hyperkalaemia Bradycardia and asystole Increased NM blockade Increased sedation Increased risk of QT interval prolongation Increased risk of bone marrow suppression... 

The administration of non-selective beta-adrenergic antagonists may change insulin requirements. An other consequence of the use of beta-blockers is their ability to mask the early symptoms of hypoglycemia. 

Harris, Glenda C, and Gary Aston-Jones. 1993. "Beta-Adrenergic Antagonists Attenuate Somatic and Aversive Signs of Opiate Withdrawal." Neuropsychopharmacology 9 303-11. 

Alpha-adrenergic antagonists are used primarily as antihypertensive drugs because of their ability to block vascular alpha-1 receptors. Beta-adrenergic antagonists (beta blockers) are administered primarily for their inhibitory effects on myocardial function and are used in the prevention and treatment of hypertension, angina pectoris, arrhythmias, and myocardial reinfarction. Many of the drugs introduced in this chapter are discussed further in chapters that deal with the specific clinical conditions (e.g., hypertension, asthma, and other disorders). 

A. Sedman and J. Gal, Resolution of the enantomers of propranolol and other beta-adrenergic antagonists by high performance liquid chromatography, J. Chromatogr., 278 199-203 (1983). 

This volume provides a forum in which it is appropriate to discuss the bovine parathyroid gland and the effects of dopamine upon this tissue. When administered intravenously to cows, dopamine raises the plasma content of immunoreactive PTH (2). This stimulatory effect of dopamine is partially blocked by pimozide, a dopamine antagonist, but is unaffected by propranolol, a beta-adrenergic antagonist. An understanding of... 

Chidiac P, Hebert TE, Valiquette M, Dennis M, Bouvier M. Inverse agonist activity of beta-adrenergic antagonists. Mol Pharmacol 1994 45 490-499. 

Spontaneously hypertensive rats can be used to screen compounds for antihypertensive effects and for effects on heart rate. The animals are dosed for one or a few days. Blood pressure and heart rate are measured by means of an inflatable cuff around the tail. Most classes of antihypertensives will be detected. Agents such as beta-adrenergic antagonists will be detected by decreased heart rate. Other rat models include deoxycorticosterone acetate (DOCA)-induced hypertensive, renal hypertensive (one or both renal arteries clamped), and stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rats. Hypertensive dogs produced by clamping one or both renal arteries may also be used to test or verify antihypertensive activity in a second species. 

Swenson ER. Severe hyperkalemia as a complication of timolol, a topically applied beta-adrenergic antagonist. Arch Intern Med 1986 146(6) 1220-1. 

Bernard B, LeBrec D, Mathurin P, et al. Beta-adrenergic antagonists in the prevention of gastrointestinal rebleeding in patients with cirrhosis A meta-analysis. Hepatology 1997 25 63-70. 

Yu DY, Su EN, Cringle SJ, et al. Systemic and ocular vascular roles of the antiglaucoma agents beta-adrenergic antagonists and Ca + entry blockers. Surv Ophthalmol 1999 43(Suppl l) S214-222. 

Lader M (1988) Beta-adrenergic antagonists in neuropsychiatry an update. J Clin Psychiatry 49 213-223. 

I. Pharmacology. Labetalol is a mixed alpha- and beta-adrenergic antagonist after intravenous administration, the nonselective beta-antagonist properties are approximately sevenfold greater than the alpha-1 antagonist activity. Hemodynamic effects generally include decreases in heart rate, blood pressure, and systemic vascular resistance. Atrioventricular conduction velocity may be decreased. After intravenous injection, hypotensive effects are maximal within 10-15 minutes and persist about 2-4 hours. The dmg is eliminated by hepatic metabolism and has a half-life of 5-6 hours. 

C. They may have additive depressant effects on cardiac conduction in patients with cyclic antidepressant, beta-adrenergic antagonist, and calcium antagonist overdoses. 

Nathanson, J. A. Stereospecificity of beta adrenergic antagonists R-enantiomers show increased selectivity for beta-2 receptors in ciliary process. J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. 1988, 245, 94-101. 

Berkelman RL, FinlonRJ, Elsea WR. Beta-adrenergic antagonists and fatal anaphylactic reactions to oral penicillins. Ann Intern Med (1986) 104,134. 

Innis R B, Bylund D B, and Snyder S H (1978) A simple, sensitive and specific radioreceptor assay for beta-adrenergic antagonist drugs. Life Sci. 23,2031-2038,... 

This method was used to link a potoat beta-adrenergic antagonist Ahn-NH2 (which contains a reactive amino group) with the copolymer allyl glycidyl ether/ acrylamide... 

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