Product liability international

Abbot, H. 1993 The Cost of Getting it Wrong. Product Liability International, February. 

Failure costs - Internal failure costs are essentially the cost of failures identified and rectified before the final product gets to the external customer, such as rework, scrap, design changes. External failure costs include product recall, warranty and product liability claims. 

There are no hard-and-fast rules to follow in setting safety factors for any given material unless experience exists. The most important consideration is of course the probable consequences of failure. For example, a little extra deflection in an outside wall or a hairline crack in one of six internal screw bosses might not cause concern, but the failure of a pressure vessel or aircraft wing might have serious safety or product-liability implications. 

Finally, after all their internal checks and balance (the company was indeed fastidious in matters of product liability), they agreed they had gotten to understand the Flyback topology far better now. So I quickly incorporated the new loss term into the Mathcad and Excel... 

Safety hazards if relevant, i.e. internally and externally, including pack—product liability. 

A manufacrnrer with worldwide distribution may need the services of an international legal firm to deal with international products liability cases. 

Herkert, J. R. (2003). Professiontil societies, microethics, and macioethics Product liability as an ethical issue in engineering design. International Journal of Engineering Education, /9(1), 163-167. 

Pore diameters and their distribution. Small pores limit accessibility of internal surface because of increased resistance to diffusion of reactants inwards. Diffusion of products outward also is slowed down and may result in degradation of those products. When the catalyst is expensive, the inaccessible internal surface is a liability. A more or less uniform pore diameter is desirable, but the distribution usually is statistical and only molecular sieves have nearly uniform pores. Those catalyst granules that are extrudates of compacted masses of smaller particles have tamodal pore size distribution, between the particles and within them. Clearly a compromise between large specific surface and its accessibility as measured by pore diameter is required in some situations. 

There is a growing need for companies to be able to trace and authenticate their products so that claims arising from customer complaints and product performance liabilities, in particular, are proved. The probable nightmare scenario to a pharmaceutical company is where deaths are reported in the international media and attributed to its product—and it cannot prove conclusively that the product was not its own but a pass off. To the best of the author s knowledge this has not happened yet. 

A strict liability regime has also been adopted by several international legal instruments, namely in the Council of Europe Convention (see 31.3.2.2), the UNIDROIT Convention (31.3.1.3) and the EC Directive for defective products (31.3.1.1). Such a regime is proposed to be adopted in the waste liability directive proposal (31.3.1.2) and in the draft HNS Convention (31.3.1.4). Also, the Commission Green Paper (31.3.3) clearly favors strict liability as a basis for liability on environmental damage. 

Before marketing a new product, the manufacturer, for both xoduct liability reasons and in wder to meet various national and international legal requirements, has to establish not only the efficiency of the product to perform as required but also its hazardous properties, to ensure it can be used safely. 

Internal context Time, organizational objective, project process, activity and associate objective, schedule control, company standards or policy, contractual obligation, stakeholder influence, product reputation, and liability... 

Laws on the subject are not internationally uniform. In Germany manufacturing deficiencies are not generally followed by the manufacturer s liability, if the manufacturing company, apart from the faulty product, turns out products that correspond with standards and directions and the company disposes of a quality... 

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