Preparation spray pyrolysis technique

Correa-Lozano, B., Comninellis, C. and De Battisri, A. (1996), Physicochemical properties of Sn02-Sb205 films prepared by the spray pyrolysis technique. J. Electrochem. Soc., 143(1) 203-209. 

Aizawa M, Itatani K, Howell FS, Kishioka A (1996) Effects of starting materials on properties of hydroxylapatite powders prepared by spray-pyrolysis technique. J Ceram Soc Japan 104 126-132... 

Ikeuchi M, Yamamoto H, Shibata T, Otani M (2001) Mechanical augmentation of the vertebral body by calcium phosphate cement injection. J Orthop Sci 6 39-45 Inoue S, Ono A (1987) Preparation of hydroxylapatite by spray-pyrolysis technique. J Ceram Soc Japan 95 759-763... 

Figure 4. Microphotograph of a Ti/Sn02 electrode prepared by the spray pyrolysis technique.

Mglu204 thin films were prepared by the spray pyrolysis technique and H+, Li+ ions were implanted at room temperature. The acceleration energy was 1.5 MeV and the fluence range studied spanned from 10 to 10 ions cm . Some of the implanted films were annealed at 450°C for 5 h. Electrical conductivity measurements were carried out using a four-probe method and Hall measurements were performed by the Van der Pauw method under the magnetic field of 5000 Gauss (0.5 T). 

Diagne, E.H. A. and Lumbreras, M. (2001), Elaboration and characterization of tin oxide-lanthanum oxide mixed layers prepared by the electrostatic spray pyrolysis technique . Sensors and Actuators B Chemical, 78,1-3,98-105. 

The spray pyrolysis technique was applied by Lux et al. (1993) for the preparation of spherical lanthanum aluminate powders approximately 1 pm in diameter. Intermediate products converted completely to lanthanum aluminate after annealing in air for 1 h at 1373 K. Putnam et al. (2000) reported the synthesis of CeA103 by spray drying stoichiometric nitrate solution. The voluminous precursors were decomposed in air at 873 K and then reacted at 1373 K in hydrogen atmosphere for 8 h. 

Some review articles pertaining to spray pyrolysis processing and the range of thin films deposited by this technique for various appKcations have appeared in the literature. Viguie and Spitz [74] have classified chemical spray deposition process according to the type of reaction. A most recent survey on thin-film materials prepared by spray pyrolysis and advances in the field, especially different atomization techniques, was presented [12j. The critical operations for the spray pyrolysis technique are (1) preparation of uniform and fine droplets and (2) the controlled thermal decomposition of these droplets in terms of environment, location, and time. 

J.H. Kim, et al, Preparation of Ni powders through ultrasonic spray pyrolysis technique . Journal of Materials Research, 18(7), (2003), 1614-1622. 

Recently, a novel method for the preparation of highly dispersed solids using a spray-pyrolysis technique has been reported 14], This technique has been applied to the synthesis of iron-titanium(fV) oxide photocataiysts in the present study, in which are provided details of the method of spray pyrolysis used to prepare solids with a range of nominal iron contents from 0.1 -10 atom %. Structural characterisation has... 

Correa-lozano B, Comninellis C, Battisti AD (1996) Preparation of Sn02-Sb205 films by the spray pyrolysis technique. J Appl Electrochem 26 83-89... 

Howell, F.S. and Kisbioka, A. (1999) Characterization of hydroxyapatite powders prepared by ultrasonic spray-pyrolysis technique. Journal of Materials Science Materials in Medicine, 34,... 

Nagashima, K., Iwaida, T., Sasaki. H., Katatae, Y. and Kato, A. (1990) Preparation of fine, spherical copper particles by spray-pyrolysis technique. Nippon Kagaku Zassihi, 1, 17-24. 

Wold, A., Gao, Y.-M., Miller, D., Kershaw, R., and Dwight, K., Synthesis of catalytic materials by spray pyrolysis, in Advanced Catalysts and Nanostructured Materials Novel Preparative Techniques (W. R. Moser, Ed.), p. 505, Academic Press, San Diego (1996). 

ZnO thin films can be prepared by a variety of techniques such as magnetron sputtering, chemical vapor deposition, pulsed-laser deposition, molecular beam epitaxy, spray-pyrolysis, and (electro-)chemical deposition [24,74]. In this book, sputtering (Chap. 5), chemical vapor deposition (Chap. 6), and pulsed-laser deposition (Chap. 7) are described in detail, since these methods lead to the best ZnO films concerning high conductivity and transparency. The first two methods allow also large area depositions making them the industrially most advanced deposition techniques for ZnO. ZnO films easily crystallize, which is different for instance compared with ITO films that can... 

There are numerous approaches to the synthesis of highly dispersed metal oxides in addition to those discussed. These include some methods that have been less commonly used to prepare metal oxides, such as vapor condensation methods, spray pyrolysis and templated techniques. 

Polycrystalline films can be prepared by spray pyrolysis. In this technique a spray of an aqueous solution of cerium salt is nebulized and directed by a stream of compressed gas onto a heated substrate. Various parameters are important for determining the resulting structure of the ceria film. The effects of the spray solution and of substrate temperature for films deposited upon silica substrates have... 

In an extension of the spray-drying technique called spray roasting , evaporative decomposition of solutions (EDS) , spray pyrolysis , or aerosol pyrolysis , the temperature of the heated chamber is high enough to decompose the dried salts after the solvent has evaporated. Nitrate salts are used because of their low decomposition temperatures. The technique eliminates the problems of handling dried nitrate powders, which can be hydroscopic. These methods are used to prepare chalcogenide powders" and barium titanate . 

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