Electrostatic spray pyrolysis

Diagne, E.H. A. and Lumbreras, M. (2001), Elaboration and characterization of tin oxide-lanthanum oxide mixed layers prepared by the electrostatic spray pyrolysis technique . Sensors and Actuators B Chemical, 78,1-3,98-105. 

Fig. 9.1 Influence of electrode material on gas-sensing characteristics of Sn02 sensors, based on thin films deposited by electrostatic spray pyrolysis (Adapted with permission from Gourari et al. (1999). Copyright 1999 Elsevier)...

ESD or electrostatic spray pyrolysis (ESP) has been applied to fabricate metal oxide thin films [122-124]. This technique holds some advantages, including simple setup and high deposition efficiency [116]. During the ESD process, a precursor... 

Hsu CS and Hwang BH. Microstructure and properties of the La06Sr04Co02Fe08O3 cathodes prepared by electrostatic-assisted ultrasonic spray pyrolysis method. J. Electrochem. Soc. 2006 153 A1478-A1483. 

Spray pyrolysis An appropriate metal salt is sprayed from an atomizer onto a hot substrate where decomposition occurs yielding the metal oxide. There are advantages to be gained by electrically charging the droplets using an electrostatic atomizer Deposition rates are quite low, typically in the range 1-10 /unh-1. 

A variant of the spray pyrolysis method based on electrostatic spray-assisted vapor deposition (ESAVD) can also be used [110] in which the mixed co-solvent and precursor electrolyte is atomized by an electric field. The morphology of the thin films obtained from this method is very dependent on the process temperature (Figure 5.14) [110]. For example, in the case of CdS deposition [110] amorphous films are obtained below 300°C (process I in Figure 5.14). Cadmium... 

Electrostatic spray deposition Elame spray deposition Pressurized gas spray deposition Ultrasonic spray pyrolysis Mist spray pyrolysis... 

A typical setup for spray pyrolysis consists of an atomizer, the precursor solution, the heated substrate and a temperature controller. Three types of atomizers are commonly used in spray pyrolysis compressed air (the solution is exposed to a beam of air) (Balkenende et al, 1996) ultrasound (short wavelengths are produced by ultrasonic frequencies, generating a very fine spray) (Arya Hintermann, 1990) electrostatic (the solution is exposed to a high electric field) (Chen et al., 1996). 

Fig. 2 Updated flash pyrolysis pilot plant for biomass (PDU-Scalc) (1 hopper, 2 vibration conveyor, 3 screw feeder. 4 fluidised bed reactor, 5 cyclone system. 6 monopump. 7 quench liquid reservoir, 8 heat exchanger, 9 spray tower, 10 electrostatic precipitators, 11 heat exchanger, 12 flare, 13 compressor, 14 gas preheater 1. 15 gas preheater 2, 16 overflow pipe, 17 char collection vessel).

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