Premature rupture

Rupture discs should be removed from service at predetermined intervals for visual inspection. Depending on the condition of the disc and recommendations by the manufacturers, they are either replaced or returned to service. The most common mode of failure is case (c), premature rupture below the minimum bursting pressure. An analysis of this mode of failure indicates that this can be the result of ... 

Figure 7-8D. Disk of Figure 7-8B with an attached (underside) vacuum support to prevent premature rupture in service with possible less than atmospheric pressure on underside and/or pulsation service. By permission, B.S. B. Safety Systems, Inc. 

Bacterial vaginosis is a risk factor for premature rupture of membranes, preterm labor, preterm birth, spontaneous abortion, and postpartum endometritis. 

Complications Epididymitis and chronic prostatitis (uncommon) Male infertility (decreased sperm motility and viability) Pelvic inflammatory disease and associated complications (i.e., ectopic pregnancy, infertility) Premature labor, premature rupture of membranes, and low-birth-weight infants (risk of neonatal infections is low) Cervical neoplasia... 

In a retrospective study of the benefits and risks of multiple courses of glucocorticoids in patients with preterm premature rupture of membranes, 170 preterm singleton infants were evaluated (381). They were divided into three groups non-use (n — 50), single courses (.n — 76), and multiple courses (n — 44). There was a higher incidence of chorioamnionitis those who had received multiple courses. 

Vermillion ST, Soper DE, Chasedunn-Roark J. Neonatal sepsis after betamethasone administration to patients with preterm premature rupture of membranes. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1999 181(2) 320-7. 

Yang SH, Choi SJ, Roh CR, Kim JH. Multiple courses of antenatal corticosteroid therapy in patients with preterm premature rupture of membranes. J Perinat Med 2004 32 42-8. 

From what I can judge, the Maoris were trying an unauthorized type of "external cephalic version (ECV) —basically, when obstetricians attempt to manipulate the fetus into the proper position from the outside. It has about a 60 percent success rate. Because of the small but very frightening risk of premature rupture of membranes, fetal distress, and other complications, it is highly recommended ECV take place in a hospital, when the pregnancy is thirty-seven weeks (term, but the baby is still small enough to have room to move), with facilities for an emergency cesarean at the ready. Amniotic fluid levels should be normal. 

Antibiotic prophylaxis for Premature rupture of the membranes cesarean section,... 

The hazards of cocaine specific for pregnant women include premature rupture of placental membranes, spontaneous abortion, abnormal labor, and several general medical risks (e.g., hypertension). Their babies typically have growth retardation with consequent lowered birthweight. Cocaine use is also related to sudden infant death syndrome, characterized by abnormal respiratory control, particularly during sleep. 

Cocaine has been associated with both preterm delivery and premature rupture of the membranes (248). Among 85 of 604 expectant mothers with premature rupture of the... 

Refuerzo JS, Sokol RJ, Blackwell SC, Berry SM, Janisse JJ, Sorokin Y. Cocaine use and preterm premature rupture of membranes improvement in neonatal outcome. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2002 186(6) 1150-4. 

Cocaine has been associated with both preterm dehvery and premature rupture of the membranes (188). Among 85 of 604 expectant mothers with premature rupture of the membranes with documented cocaine exposure compared with women with no drug exposure for six conditions of major neonatal morbidity, cocaine users were older and of higher parity. The non-cocaine users had more morbidity, in particular neonatal infection and sepsis. The authors proposed that the mechanism of premature rupture of the membranes in the presence of cocaine may not be related to infection. Instead, cocaine may have a direct effect on the myometrium, stimulating uterine contractility. 

Significant neonatal morbidity can occur after transabdominal infusion of methylthioninium chloride to diagnose premature rupture of fetal membranes, to stain the amniotic fluid in twin pregnancies, or after postpartum administration of methylthioninium chloride. Toxic manifestations include hyperbilirubinemia, Heinz body hemolytic anemia, and possible desquamation of the skin. In most cases it appears that toxicity was the result of an overdose of methylthioninium chloride (6-9). 

The rate of pregnancy induction ranges from 9.5% to 33.5%. The most common reason for induction is postdatism (>42 weeks), which occurs in 10% of all pregnancies. Other reasons for induction include suspected fetal growth retardation, maternal hypertension, premature rupture of membranes with no active onset of labor, or social factors. Contraindications for induction include placenta previa, oblique or transverse lie, pelvic structure abnormality, prolapsed umbilical cord, and active herpes. The concerns associated with induction of labor are that the labor may be ineffective or that side effects such as uterine hyperstimulation may adversely affect the infant, increasing the likelihood of cesarean section. 

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