Potential new applications

the presence of E/CO copolymers in the recycle stream should not be a deterrent to recycling of plastics. 

In addition to imparting special properties other than degradability to plastic films, such as providing scalability, and microwave heatability (mentioned earlier) E/CO has been examined in other applications. For instance, water-soluble agricultural chemicals at concentrations up to 90 per cent have been pelleted in E/CO, making possible their preferential release in the spring and summer [19]. 

Terpolymers of CO, ethylene and vinyl acetate blended at low levels (1 phr) in polypropylene film have enhanced photodegradability over straight polypropylene film [20]. 

Ward and Kelley [9] have reported several means of incorporating the barrier properties of polyvinylidene chloride (PVDC) into packaging structures by taking advantage of the E/CO s excellent adhesion of PVDC. That adhesion was said to be unique among the polar ethylene copolymers widely used in packaging film constructions (e.g. ethylene vinyl acetate, ethylene acrylic acid). 

Coquelin [21] has coated paperboard, such as is used to produce milk cartons, with E/CO and found the paperboard to crack and tear after 3 month s exposure on the ground, and to disintegrate within 4 months. 

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Current availability of individual lanthanides (plus Y and La) in a state of high purity and relatively low cost has stimulated research into potential new applications. These are mainly in the field of solid state chemistry and include solid oxide fuel cells, new phosphors and perhaps most significantly high temperature superconductors... 

Potential new applications of SFE include the hy-drometallurgical extraction of gold and the remediation of contaminated river sediments. 

The potential new applications for organolead compounds have been reviewed recently by several authors 11,17,18,83,84,182,289,290,822). The work of the Organisch Chemisch Instituut T.N.O. has been reviewed by van der Kerk 183>. 

In 2006, Stanelco announced that it had developed a potentially new application area for biodegradable polymers, a cigarette film made from food grade starch that will decompose in two months. 

Vapors containing alkali metal species have diverse implications to high temperature processes (1 ). Potential new applications of alkalies in combustion systems include—their vapor phase catalytic action in smoke reduction (2, 3), their liquid phase catalysis of coal gasification (4), and their role as electron sources for magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) combustion systems (3). In most combustion systems, however, their presence is undesirable. This is particularly true in fossil energy systems. 

Locuson CW, Wahlstrom JL. Three-dimensional quantitative structure-activity relationship analysis of cytochromes p450 Effect of incorporating higher-affinity ligands and potential new applications. Drug Metab Dispos 2005 33 873-8. 

The Polymer Data Handbook offers, in a standardized and readily accessible tabular format, concise information on the syntheses, structures, properties, and applications of the most important polymeric materials. Those included are currently in industrial use or they are under study for potential new applications in industry and in academic laboratories. Considerable thought was given to the criteria for selecting the polymers included in this volume. The first criterion was current commercial importance—the use of the polymer in conunercial materials—for example, as a thermoplastic, a thermoset, or an elastomer. The second criterion was novel applications—a polymer that is promising for one or more purposes but not yet of conunercial importance—for example, because of its electrical conductivities, its nonlinear optical properties, or its suitability as a preceramic polymer. The hope is that some readers wiU become interested enough in these newer materials to contribute to their further development and characterization. Finally, the handbook includes some polymers simply because they are unusually interesting—for example, those utilized in fundamental studies of the effects of chain stiffness, self-assembly, or biochemical processes. 

Currently there are fewer than ten major dryer manufacturers around the world that offer SSD technology on a commercial scale. Often, it is necessary to custom design an SSD for a new application, which may involve a new dryer type or an application to a new product. The author has presented an extensive review of principles, practice, industrial applications, potential new applications, market penetration potential, and research and development (R D) needs for SSD technologies [1]. Special consideration is given to potential hcations for use of electricity and reuse of the exhaust steam from an SSD. Kumar and Mujumdar have provided an extensive bibliography and discussed the basic principles and hcations of SSD [2]. 

New polymeric membranes, possibly with advanced or novel funaions (Ulbricht, 2006), are still under development in order to enhance the separation performances and to reach the levels which are required for potential new applications, such as membrane reactors. 

Coupling agents help the bonding between the microspheres and the matrix polymer, avoiding the loss of mechanical properties that microspheres otherwise risk Potential new applications are in vehicles and in construction. 

The Rare Earths Fundamentals and Applications provides the knowledge of fundamental REE chemistry necessary to understand how the elements are currently being used and how they might be used in the future. The book is organized to provide a comprehensive description of the breadth of REE chemistry in four sequential sections fundamental chemistry (Chapters 1 12), important representative compounds (Chapters 13-30), examples of solid-state materials (Chapters 31-36), and current and potential new applications (Chapters 37-45). It is designed to provide students, instmctors, academic researchers, and industrial personnel with a fundamental understanding of the electronic, chemical, and physical properties of the rare earth... 

Another result of mixing two materials—and in many ways this is the preferred result— is that the two materials will have chemical affinity for one another, and will combine to form a new material with properties greater than the sum of the parts. This is a thermoplastic alloy. In a similar manner to how alloys of iron and carbon (steel) or of copper and tin (bronze) enabled new products and technologies in the Age of Metals, thermoplastic alloys opened an entire spectrum of new possibilities in the Age of Plastics. The combination of material variations, additives, possible alloys, and potential new applications is virtually unlimited. The next breakthrough thermoplastic material may very well be right in front of you. 

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