Accumulation potentials

Novelli, E.B. and N.L. Rodrigues. 1991. Nickel chloride potential accumulation from the airway. Toxicokinetics in rats. Bolet. Estud. Medicos Biol., Univ. Nacion. Auto. Mexico 39 15-20. 

All enclosed spaces with the potential for flammable or toxic atmospheres should be ventilated, preferably at a rate of not less than six air changes per hour. Low level exhaust ventilation is important to minimize the potential accumulation of vapors. A rule of thumb for design is 1 cfm/ft of floor area with exhaust points no higher than 12 in (30 cm) off the floor. The ventilation system should be designed in accordance with Chapter 5 of NFPA 30. 

Further evaluation of SeaKleen and other water-soluble derivatives of 9,10-anthraquinone for use as selective algicides in catfish aquaculture will require additional research such as determining the environmental fate of these quinone-based algicides and whether there is any potential accumulation in the flesh of channel catfish. In addition, studies required by the USEPA for the consideration of the approval of quinone-based algicides in food-fish production ponds will require at least several more years. 

Renal disease Do not use without physician supervision because of potential accumulation. 

Therapeutic proteins have also been successfully expressed in the urine and seminal fluid of various transgenic animals. Again, issues of sample collection, volume of collected fluid and the appropriateness of these systems renders unlikely their industrial-scale adoption. One system, however, that does show industrial promise is the targeted production of recombinant proteins in the egg white of transgenic birds. Targeted production is achieved by choice of an appropriate egg white protein promoter sequence. Large quantities of recombinant product can potentially accumulate in the egg, which can then be collected and processed with relative ease. 

The abundance of L. littorea and the far more sensitive dog whelk, N. lapil-lus, can be used as indicators. TBT contamination has made the dog whelk a rare species in Dutch coastal waters and it is almost entirely absent from harbours and marinas (Harding et al., 1992 Van Moorsel, 1996). TBT potentially accumulates in sediments. However, there is no direct link between sediment concentrations and effects in gastropods, as the preferred habitats of some of the most common gastropods (e.g. N. lapillus, L. littorea) are hard substrates, including natural substrates such as rock and artificial substrates such as harbour walls, breakwaters, etc. (Oehlmann, 2002). 

J. P. Stewart, subsequently left Dewar s labs to work as an independent researcher. Stewart felt that the development of AMI had been potentially non-optimal, from a statistical point of view, because (i) the optimization of parameters had been accomplished in a stepwise fashion (thereby potentially accumulating errors), (ii) the search of parameter space had been less exhaustive than might be desired (in part because of limited computational resources at the time), and (iii) human intervention based on the perceived reasonableness of parameters had occurred in many instances. Stewart had a somewhat more mathematical philosophy, and felt that a sophisticated search of parameter space using complex optimization algorithms might be more successful in producing a best possible parameter set within the Dewar-specific NDDO framework. 

In a lot of literature, the fail-safe operation of a pilot valve is questionable due to the potential accumulation of dirt, hydrates, and so on, in the pilot supply lines. 

There are several possible sources of impurities in the electrolytes and reasons for their potential accumulation during use. Key amongst the sources, are the unavoidable side-reactions. Others include the widespread practice in electroplating processes of using the more convenient open systems that allow easier handling of workpieces. Consequently the absorption of atmospheric gases and particles might introduce impurities. 

Food consumption accounts for the largest sources of exposure to Cd by animals and humans primarily because of the ability of plants to bioaccumulate Cd at high rates. In addition, aquatic organisms can potentially accumulate large amounts of Cd. 

For transmittance measurements three types of error are recognized as being due to the instrument. These are of independent origin and are potentially accumulative (Figure 9.28) ... 

Numerous LH2 refueling processes increase the possibility of a potential accumulation of impurities, solid N2 or O2, which enhance the risk of fuel system component damage and explosion, respectively. The conventional warmup to vaporize impurities is not practicable for frequently used tanks. 

A negative aspect of using such highly mutating strains is the potential accumulation of deleterious mutations that may reduce overall fitness [39] and their... 

The 5 values obtained for dimer (CBA-n, MBBE-x), ttimer (CBA-Tn), and polymer LCs (PAM-10, PBA-copolymer) are compared with those reported for nCBs (n = 5 to 8) in Table 7.2. We note here that the magnitude of S tends to decrease in the order, monomer (6 to 4) > oligomer (4 to 2) >polymer (2 to 1). The variation should be related to the nature of the intermolecular potential. Accumulation of experimental data on properly designed main-chain LCs may provide a better insight on the balance between the attractive and repulsive contributions. 

Lower plants Algae (e.g., diatoms) Potential accumulators of heavy metals and organic compounds... 

The soil and sediments represent potential accumulators of heavy metals of enormous capacity. As polluters of natural waters, heavy metals come into contact with silicate minerals, hydrous oxides, carbonates, organic substances and other potential substrates in the soil and sediments and interact with them. Identification of the substrate, as well as defining the type (i.e. the strength of the connection the heavy metals make with the substrate) is of key importance for understanding the chemical behaviour of heavy metals in these environments. 

At strongly anodic potentials, accumulated (or, basically, abandoned ) anions might predominate. The resultant change in interface charge storage characteristics could be considerable. 

Regarding the production of flavonoids in tomato fruit, it is very much a story of much unused potential. Accumulation is very strongly associated with only the peel tissue because in the flesh the flavonoid pathway is generally inactive owing to a lack of expression of flavonoid biosynthesis genes. A range of flavonoids has been identified... 

In terms of process performance impact Van de Bosch et al. [43] reported that CH3SH severely inhibits biological sulfide oxidation (50 % reduction of the biological oxidation rate) at concentrations above 0.05 mM under natron-aUcaline-aerobic conditions. Complete inhibition was found at CH3SH of concentration of 0.65 nM. Thus, potential accumulation of CH3SH in aerobic and anoxic biotrickling filters may hinder H2S removal. 

Because of insufficient experimental data, many Of the physical and biologic characteristics of must be based on observations of other iodine isotopes. For example, studies of short-term iodine behavior have utilized fallout radioiodine from nuclear explosions, principally in particulate form, and releases of elemental vapor forms of in field experiments or associated with nuclear power generation. However, little information is available concerning the changes in bioenvironmental concentration processes that might result from alterations in form and availability of in the long term. Analyses of behavior and potential accumulation of released to the environment must therefore be based on studies of 1 as a model for shortterm behavior, and stable iodine for long-term behavior. 

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