Food Fish

Small amounts of the precursor for l,25(OH)2-D3 synthesis are present in food (fish liver oil, egg yolk), but... 

A method for food (fish) has been reported. The sample is ground with sodium sulfate and extracted with petroleum ether. The extract is cleaned up by liquid-liquid partition, followed by Florisil column chromatography. Analysis is performed by GC/NPD. Detection limits are 0.1 ppm recovery was not reported (Lombardo and Egry 1979). 

Food (fish) Grinding with petroleum ether solvent extraction clean-up by liquid-liquid partition, Florisil column chromatography GC/NPD 0.1 ppm Not specified Lombardo and Egry 1979... 

Food (fish, milk, butter, com oil) Extract with acetonitrile cleanup with Florisil elute with petroleum ether and ethyl ether/petroleum ether GC/ECD No data 80 Yurawecz an Puma 1986... 

EPA 1984a), 3 ppb (Armentrout and Cutie 1980), 0.13 g/L (ppb) (EPA 1982a), and 50 to 100 ng/L (ppt) (Riggin and Howard 1979). The only method found for 3,3 -dichlorobenzidine in food (fish) reported a limit of detection of less than 20 ppb (Diachenko 1979). It does not appear that additional methods for the determination of 3,3 -dichlorobenzidine in air or water are needed. Additional methods for 3,3 -dichlorobenzidine in foods are needed. If MRLs were established, the needs could be defined more precisely. 

Indirect exposure of humans via the environment may occur by consumption of food (fish, crops, meat, and nulk) and drinking water, inhalation of ambient air, and ingestion of soil. For existing substance, measured levels in various environmental compartments may be available however, for new substances, usually no relevant measured data are available and concentrations of a substance in the environment must be estimated. 

Further evaluation of SeaKleen and other water-soluble derivatives of 9,10-anthraquinone for use as selective algicides in catfish aquaculture will require additional research such as determining the environmental fate of these quinone-based algicides and whether there is any potential accumulation in the flesh of channel catfish. In addition, studies required by the USEPA for the consideration of the approval of quinone-based algicides in food-fish production ponds will require at least several more years. 

Commercially available acriflavinc is a mixture of acriflavine and proflavine, in which proflavine forms 30-35% of the total dye. For treatment of fish, commercial acriflavine is usually administered in a bath solution at various levels, depending on treatment duration (82). Acriflavine is not regulated for use in food fish aquaculture in the United States. 

E-L Syvaoja, K Salminen, V Piironen, P Varo, O Kerojoki, P Koivistoinen. Tocopherols and tocotrienols in Finnish foods fish and fish products. J Amer Oil Chem Soc 62 1245-1248, 1985. 

Atwater, W.O. (1892). The chemical composition and nutritive values of food fishes and aquatic invertebrates. Report of the United States Commission on Fish and Fisheries for 1888 Part 16,679-868. 

Love, R.M. (1988). The Food Fishes, Their Intrinsic Variation and Practical Implications . Farrand Press, London, 276 pp. 

DEHP has been found in several kinds of food. Fish and other seafood have been reported to be contaminated with concentrations ranging from 2 to 32,000 ppb (DeVault 1985 Giam and Wong 1987 Giamet al. 1975 McFall et al. 1985a Ray et al. 1983 Stalling et aL 1973 Williams 1973). DEHP was detected in 33% of 139 biota samples (not necessarily edible) recorded on the STORET database at a median concentration of 3,000 ppb (Staples et al. 1985). DEHP has also been reported in processed canned and frozen fish in Canada at concentrations up to 160 ppb (Williams 1973). 

Devanesan, D. W., and Chidambaram, K. (1948). The Common Food Fishes of the Madras presidency. Madras Govt. Press. 

Data on the concentration of hydrocarbons from gasoline contamination in media other than air, water, and soil are very limited. This is due, at least in part, to the difficulty in tracing the source of hydrocarbon contamination in other environmental media such as food, fish and shellfish, and terrestrial plants and animals. Samples of bivalve mollusks collected 2 days following an accidental spill of gasoline into Block Island Sound, Rhode Island, contained low levels of gasoline compounds (Dimock et al. 1980). However, there were no adequate control samples by which to confirm background levels of these compounds in the shellfish, so it is not certain that the contamination resulted from the spill. 

Lipids constitute below 1% of the weight of fruits, vegetables, and lean fish 3.5% of milk 6% of beef 32% of egg yolk and 85% of butter. The lipids contained in the food raw materials in low quantities serve mainly as components of protein-phospholipid membranes and perform metabolic functions. In fatty commodities the majority of the lipids are stored as depot fat in the form of triacylglycerols. The lipids of numerous food fishes, such as orange roughy, mullets, codfish, and sharks,... 

Increased intake of phytoestrogen-rich foods (soybean products) and tryptophan-containing foods (fish, poultry, and dairy products)... 

Do not eat or drink alcohol, wheat, cold, raw foods, fish, or greasy, fatty foods. 

Currently, only copper-based products are approved by the United States Environmental Protection Agency for widespread use as an algicide in food-fish production ponds and municipal drinking water reservoirs in the United States. These copper-based products, such as copper sulfate and chelated copper compounds, are commonly used in aquaculture and in municipal drinking water systems. Unfortunately, copper-based algicides do not provide a large degree of toxic selectivity towards noxious... 

---