Dodecylamine hydrochloride

Vinyl monomers may be polymerized at favorable rates in an aqueous medium containing an emulsifier and a water-soluble initiator. A typical simple Tecipe would consist of the following ingredients with their proportions indicated in parts by weight 100 of monomer, 180 of water, 2 to 5 of a fatty acid soap, and 0.1 to 0.5 of potassium persulfate. Cationic soaps (e.g., dodecylamine hydrochloride) may be used instead of the fatty acid soap, and various other initiators may replace the persulfate (e.g., hydrogen peroxide and ferrous ion, or a water-soluble organic hydroperoxide). 

Murakami and Kondo (1975) reported that the cationic micelle is quite effective for the pyridoxal-catalyzed elimination of S-phenylcysteine. The significant rate acceleration was explained by the binding of the Schiff s base to the micelle phase, followed by the efficient proton abstraction by hydroxide ion at the micelle surface. According to Gani et al. (1978), mixed micelles of CTAB and dodecylamine hydrochloride are good models for the site accommodating pyridoxal 5 -phosphate in glycogen phosphorylase, since the micelles can imitate well the formation of SchifT s bases in hydrophobic environments. 

The unsulfonated random copolymers are reportedly synthesized at 50 °C over a period of 48 h using emulsion polymerization with dodecylamine hydrochloride surfactant in water as the reaction system and potassium persulfate as the initiator. The copolymer is then dissolved in an appropriate solvent such as dichloroethane or chloroform and sulfonated using reagents such as chlorosulfonic acid or a sulfur trioxide complex. It has been reported that this generation of BAM membranes exhibited some su-... 

Criticize or defend the following proposition The accompanying data for the turbidity of dodecylamine hydrochloride solutions suggest that at concentrations exceeding about 0.003 g cm 3 the solute associates into aggregates of colloidal dimensions. 

Akhtar and Lai128) infer the adsorption mechanism of a collector on a mineral surface from the mutual position of IPpH and PZC which they determine by electrophoresis. Their deduction is based on experiments performed with hematite in solutions of Na oleate (NaOl) and dodecylamine hydrochloride (DDA-HC1). The surface of hematite is assumed to consist of MeOHj, MeOH and MeO-. Chemisorption of the collector is discussed according to Table 3 which is based on Eq. 72 for charge density at the inner Helmholtz plane ... 

The region of jump-like changes in the dAsurface tension (see Fig. 3.77). This jump [364,365] is explained with a phase transition in the adsorption layer. Other authors have also noticed the flexion in Ao(C) isotherm and have considered it to be a transition from liquid-crystalline to gel state of the adsorption layer, e.g. in solutions of dodecylamine hydrochloride [374]. This transition can be found experimentally also from AV(C) dependence. As it is seen from Fig. 3.77 the minimum of AV coincides with the flexion point of Ao(lgC) isotherm. 

Andrews, P.R.A., Activating anions in the topaz and tourmaline-dodecylamine hydrochloride system, Trans. Soc. Min. Metall. Exp.. 288. 121, 1990. 

FIGURE 16,3-14 Surface tension of 4 x ICn4 kmol/m3 dodecylamine hydrochloride solution as a function of pH determined by pendant drop method, measured 15 s after Forming drop.9 (After R. W, Smith, personal communication, 1967.)... 

Dodecylamine hydrochloride Eauryl amine hydrochloride CijHjsCIN 929-73-7 221.810 186 vs HjO, EtOH... 

Adsorption of the collectors such as dodecylamlne and fatty acids is reported to be strongly influenced by electrical double layer forces. In this study, manipulation of the electrostatic forces by adding sodium chloride was attempted to achieve the desired separation. Suitable separation of apatite from dolomite was achieved with dodecylamine hydrochloride in the presence of sodium chloride. Zeta potential measurements revealed that sodium chloride acts as an indifferent electrolyte for dolomite, but causes a shift In the Iso-electric point of apatite. 

For flotation studies, dodecylamine hydrochloride from Eastman Kodak Co. and purified sodium oleate from Fisher Scientific Co. were used as the cationic and anionic collectors, respectively. All other chemicals were reagent grade purchased from Fisher Scientific Co. HNO3 and KOH were employed as pH modifiers. Deionized water (D.l.) of less than 1.2 micromhos conductivity was used in this study. 

Single mineral apatite and dolomite flotation tests using dodecylamine hydrochloride as the collector indicated that apatite can be recovered from its mixture with dolomite at pH less than 4.5 at a collector concentration of 1 m mol/m, and at pH 9.8 at 0.16 m mol/m . However, the magnitude of selectivity predicted by the single mineral test was not realized when attempts were made to float a 50 50 mixture of apatite and dolomite. 

Moudgil and co-workers and Soto and Iwasaki have attributed the loss of selectivity to electrostatic forces encountered in the above mineral-collector systems. It was therefore, decided to modify the flotation behavior of apatite and dolomite by adding salts such as sodium chloride, in this paper, flotation results with dodecylamine hydrochloride collector are discussed. Flotation studies with sodium oleate collector have been discussed elsewhere. ... 

Collector Dodecylamine Hydrochloride, 1.6 X lO" kmol/m NaCI Cone 5.0 X 10 kmol/m ... 

Abstract Vibrational sum-frequency spectroscopy in conjunction with interfacial pressure measurements are used to provide the first direct spectroscopic information about the structure of amphiphillic molecules adsorbed to the interface between two immiscible liquids by total internal reflection sum-frequency vibrational spectroscopy (TIR SFVS). The effect of the ionic head group on the conformational order of sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), sodium dodecylsulfonate (DDS), dodecyltrimethylammonium chloride (DTAC), and dodecylamine hydrochloride (DAC) adsorbed at the D2O/CCI4 interface has been examined. In addition, the effect of the length of the alkyl chain on the conformation and orientation of sodium hexylsulfonate (HS), sodium undecylsulfonate (UDS), and sodium dodecylsulfonate (DDS) is also presented. SF vibrational spectra indicate the presence of gauche conformations in the hydrocarbon chains of all the surfactants examined. An increase in the surface coverage results in the reduction of gauche defects in the hydrocarbon chains as determined from the intensity ratio of the methyl to methylene symmetric... 

D2O (99%) and HPLC grade CCI4 were purchased from Aldrich. The CCI4 was distilled in order to remove any residual hydrocarbon compounds, and its purity confirmed by transmission FTIR. D2O was shaken with purified CCI4 prior to use and decanted. Sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) (Aldrich, 99.8%), Sodium dodecyl sulfonate (DDS) (TCI America, 99%), dodecyltrimethylammonium chloride (DTAC) (TCI America, 99%) and dodecylamine hydrochloride (DAC) (Kodak, 98%) were used as received. Sodium hexylsulfonate (HS) (TCI America, 99%), sodium undodecylsulfonate (UDS) (TCI America, 99%), and sodium dodecylsulfonate (DDS) (TCI America, 99%), were used as received. Dilauroylphosphocholine (DLPC), dimyristoylphosphocholine (DMPC), dipalmitoylphos-phocholine (DPC), and distearoylphosphocholine (DSPC) were purchased in powder form from Avanti Polar Lipids and used without any further purification. 

Aq. K-cyanate treated with cyclohexylcarboxaldehyde and p-tolyl isonitrile in methanol, then n-dodecylamine hydrochloride added with stirring and icecooling, and the product isolated after 2 hrs. l-n-dodecyl-5-cyclohexyl-hydantoin 4-p-tolylimide. Y 1S%. F. e., also from azomethines, s. I. Ugi and K.Offermann, B. 97, 2276 (1964). 

The adsorption of organic cations, such as long-chain substituted ammonium ions, on the surface of silica is employed in the flotation of silica from ores (496). For example, when dodecylamine hydrochloride is. added to a suspension of finely ground limestone containing silica, the dodecylammonium ion forms an adsorbed layer on the silica, which thus becomes hydrophobic and floats with the froth as air is bubbled through the mixture. 

Castro, S. H., Vurdela, R. M., and Laskowski, J. S. 1986. The surface association and precipitation of surfactant species in alkaline dodecylamine hydrochloride solutions. Colloids Surf. 21 87. 

The diastereoselective [2 + 2] photocycloaddition between cyclohex-enones supporting a chiral 8-(p-metho yphenyl)menthyl auxiliaiy and olefins has been conducted in aqueous media using sodium dodecyl sulfate or dodecylamine hydrochloride as surfactants. ... 

Riegelmann et al. [93] studied various aromatic compounds solubilized in aqueous solutions of potassium laurate, dodecylamine hydrochloride, and a polyoxyethylene ether of dodecanol (Brij 35). The ultraviolet spectra of ethylbenzene in these micellar solutions were very similar to those in non-polar solvents (see Fig. 5.10) and it was concluded that this solubilizate resided completely in the micellar core. Some regions of the spectra of solubilized naphthalene, anthracene and azobenzene, on the other hand, showed similarities with the spectra of these compounds in water, whilst other regions resembled the spectra in non-polar solvents. The suggestion was made that these compounds were solubilized in such a way as to be in partial contact with both the polar micellar surface and the non-polar micellar core, i.e. a position of deep penetration. By similar reasoning it was concluded that o-nitroaniline was located at a position of short penetration whereas dimethylphthalate, whose spectrum closely resembled the spectrum in water, was thought to be adsorbed on the micellar surface. 

Kolthoff and Strides [137] showed an almost linear increase in the solubilizing capacity for dimethylaminobenzene, (DMAB) within the series, potassium dodecanoate to octadecanoate. Introduction of a double bond (potassium oleate), however, produced a decrease in solubilizing power as compared to a saturated compound of similar length. A branched chain compound (di-amylsulphosuccinate) solubilized less DMAB than did potassium tetradecanoate, but more than potassium decanoate (same number of carbon atoms in the longer chain), whereas dodecylamine hydrochloride showed a greater solubilizing power than potassium dodecanoate. 

Although obviously having certain effects, molecular weight as such has little correlation with the amount solubilized more than three times the weight of methylisobutylketone (molecular weight 100) than heptane (molecular weight 100) is dissolved in 0.1 m dodecylamine hydrochloride. 

Table 5.10 Maximum additive concentrations of a range of solubilizates in O.In solutions of dodecylamine hydrochloride (C12HCI), sodium oleate ...

Kaminski and McBain [161], on the other hand, found that slight warming of the saturated solution of xylene in dodecylamine hydrochloride produced turbidity. 

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