Potassium citrate

BP Potassium citrate PhEur Kalii citras USP Potassium citrate 

Citrate of potash citric acid potassium salt E332 tripotassium citrate monohydrate. 

2-Hydroxy-l,2,3-propanetricarboxylic acid tripotassium salt monohydrate [6100-05-6] 

Potassium citrate is used in beverages, foods, and oral pharmaceutical formulations as a buffering and alkalizing agent. It is also used as a sequestering agent and as a therapeutic agent to alkalinize the urine and to relieve the painful irritation caused by cystitis. See Table I. 

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Benedict s quantitative reagent (sugar in urine) This solution contains 18 g copper sulfate, 100 g of anhydrous sodium carbonate, 200 g of potassium citrate, 125 g of potassium thiocyanate, and 0.25 g of potassium ferrocyanide per liter 1 mL of this solution = 0.002 g sugar. 

Tentative Evaluation of the Health Aspects of Citric Acid, Sodium Citrate, Potassium Citrate, Calcium Citrate, Triethyl Citrate, Isopropyl Citrate, and Stearyl Citrate as Food Ingredients, PB280 954, National Technical Information Service, Springfield, Va., 1977. 

If the gas to be measured contains sulfur dioxide, it has to be scrubbed from the gas before oxidation of the reduced compounds can occur. The gas is scrubbed using an SO2 scrubber. This may contain citrate buffer solution (potassium citrate or sodium citrate). The collection efficiency of the sulfur diox ide may be as high as 99%. 

Litholytic agents in current use are classified as direct or indirect. Indirect type drugs decrease the C.P. of urine, thus inhibiting calculus formation. An example is citrate which helps prevent insoluble salts from crystallizing in the urinary tract. Potassium citrate is administered in pill form as a preventive drug. Direct type drugs dissolve renal calculi which have already formed. 

Fig. 10.3.1 Bioluminescence spectrum of the centipede Orphaneus brevilabiatus (left panel), and the influence of pH on the luminescence of the exudate of the same centipede in 0.1 M potassium citrate/phosphate buffers (right panel). From Anderson, 1980, with permission from the American Society for Photobiology.

Organic acids Citric acid Aspergillus niger Effervescent products sodium citrate used as an anticoagulant potassium citrate used to treat cystitis... 

Solutions that contain sodium citrate/citric acid (Shohl s solution and Bicitra) provide 1 mEq/L (1 mmol/L) each of sodium and bicarbonate. Polycitra is a sodium/potassium citrate solution that provides 2 mEq/L (2 mmol/L) of bicarbonate, but contains 1 mEq/L (1 mmol/L) each of sodium and potassium, which can promote hyperkalemia in patients with severe CKD. The citrate portion of these preparations is metabolized in the liver to bicarbonate, while the citric acid portion is metabolized to C02 and water, increasing tolerability compared to sodium bicarbonate. Sodium retention is also decreased with these preparations. However, these products are liquid preparations, which may not be palatable to some patients. Citrate can also promote aluminum toxicity by augmenting aluminum absorption in the GI tract. 

Antioxidants in fruits and vegetables including vitamin C and (3-carotene reduce oxidative stress on bone mineral density, in addition to the potential role of some nutrients such as vitamin C and vitamin K that can promote bone cell and structural formation (Lanham-New 2006). Many fruits and vegetables are rich in potassium citrate and generate basic metabolites to help buffer acids and thereby may offset the need for bone dissolution and potentially preserve bone. Potassium intake was significantly and linearly associated with markers of bone turnover and femoral bone mineral density (Macdonald and others 2005). 

Potassium citrate Urocit-K (Mission) 5 mEq citrate/tablet 5 mEq tablet See above... 

Potassium citrate/citric acid Polycitra-K (Willen) 2 mEq K/mL equivalent to 2 mEq Solution (1,100 mg K alrate 334 mg citric acid/5 mL) See above... 

Sodium citrate/potassium citrate/ Polycitra (Willen), Polycitra-LC 1 mEq K, 1 mEq Na/mL equivalent to 2 Syrup (Polycitra) solution (Polycitra-LC) (Both See above... 

Sultrol A flue-gas desulfurization process, similar to the Flakt-Boliden process, but using potassium citrate instead of sodium citrate. Developed by Pfizer and announced in 1985, but not known to have been commercialized. 

Citrated blood is diluted 1 10 with enzyme buffer solution, and preservative is added (H19). The buffer is prepared by dissolving 0.2 g of Clarase (Fisher Scientific Co., New York) in 100 ml citrate buffer (5 g potassium citrate monohydrate and 1 g citric acid monohydrate in 1000 ml distilled water, pH 5.6). The solution is incubated for 3 days at 37°. After incubation, it is autoclaved 15 minutes to stop enzymatic action and coagulate proteins. It is filtered, and 1.0, 1.5, and 2.0 ml of the supernatant is added to individual flasks and assayed. Control flasks are included to estimate pantothenic acid contamination of the enzyme. 

Potassium citrate hydrate, molecular formula, 6 638t... 

Potassium citrate monohydrate, solubility in water, 6 649t... 

E 332 Potassium citrates (i) Monopotassium citrate (ii) Tripotassium citrate... 

Oxalate is found to be a frequent impurity in pharmaceutical substances belonging to the category of either organic acids e.g.. anhydrous citric acid, tartaric acid or salts of organic acids e.g., ferrous gluconate, sodium citrate, potassium citrate and sodium cromoglycate. The presence of this impurity is due to the following two prime factors, namely ... 

Potassium Citrate Dissolve 1 g in a mixture of 1.5 ml DW and 2.5 ml dilute HC1, add 4 ml alcohol and 4 drops of calcium chloride solution, and allow to stand for 1 hour. The mixture remains clear. 

Potassium citrate 0.15 g l-Naphthol benzein Each ml of 0.1 N HC104 = 0.01021 g of c6h5k3o7... 

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