Portland ASTM types

ASTM C845 Type E-I (K) expansive cement manufactured ia the United States usually depends on aluminate and sulfate phases that result ia more ettriagite formation duriag hydration than ia normal Portland cements. Type K contains an anhydrous calcium sulfoaluminate, C A SI. This cement can be made either by iategraHy burning to produce the desired phase composition, or by intergrinding a special component with ordinary Portland cement clinkers and calcium sulfate. 

The ASTM specifications provide for five types of Portland cements Types I, II, III, IV and V they are manufactured for use at atmospheric conditions [165]. The API Classes A, B and C correspond to ASTM Types I, II and III, respectively. The API Classes D, E, F, G, H and J are cements manufactured for use in deep wells and to be subject to a wide range of pressures and temperatures. These classes have no corresponding ASTM types. 

ASTM recognizes three types of retarding admixtures type B, which simply retards the hydration of Portland cement type D, which not only provides set retardation but also water reduction and type G, which is a retarding supeplasticizer. The materials that are generally used in these admixtures include ... 

The strength data in Table 7.19 show that using very low amounts of ASTM Type 1 (normal Portland) cement compressive strength of the order of 8 and 35 MPa can be obtained at 1 and 28 days respectively. The concrete s resistance... 

Portland Cement Types and Their Uses According to ASTM C150... 

Type of cement ordinary portland cement (ASTM-Type I)... 

In ordinary Portland clinker (corresponding to ASTM type I Portland cement) tricalcimn silicate is the most abundant phase, present in amormts between about 50% and 70%. Dicalcium silicate usually constitutes 15-30% of the clinker. Typical amounts of tricalcium aluminate are 5-10%, and of the ferrite phase 5-15%. In special Portland clinkers the individual clinker pliases may be present in increased or reduced amounts, or may be absent entirely. Free lime, free MgO and alkali sulfates are minor constituents of Portland clinker that are present only in small amounts or may be absent entirely. Calcium sulfate is only rarely a constituent of Portland clinker, but is intergroimd in limited amounts with it, to obtain Portland cement. In Table 2.1 different types of Portland cement are compared. 

High-CjS chnkers are employed in the production of high early strength Portland cement (corresponding to ASTM Type HI cemerrt). To produce such cement, the clinker. 

TaMe T5.4. Portland cement types according to the ASTM C-150... 

The average phase composition of Portland cement (ASTM Type I, CSA 10) is -50% alite, C3S -25% belite, P-C2S -12% tricalcium aluminate, C3A -8% ferrite, C4AF > and -3.5% gypsum (Mindness, 1983). The structural order and crystallinity of the cement phases-and hence their hydraulic reactivities-are heavily dependent on the rate of cooling of the clinker ... 

The sludges were formulated to contain 0.04 moles/L each of cadmium, chromium, and lead. Metals were added as cliromium chloride, cadmium nitrate, and lead nitrate and converted to their hydroxide precipitate forms in the sludge by neutralization of the solution to pH 8.5 with sodium hydroxide. Some samples al.so contained sodium arsenite, to evaluate the leaching of anionic metals. The sludges were mixed with type II portland cement to form cement pastes with water/cement (w/c) ratios of 0.5 and 1.0 u-sing ASTM procedure C30582. The freshly mixed pastes were placed in 3.8 cm diameter by 7.6 cm tall PCV cylinders and allowed to set for 24—48 hours at 100% humidity before they were removed from their molds and returned to the 100% humidity environment. 

ASTM D 3406. 2006. Standard specification for joint sealant, hot-applied, elastomeric-type, for Portland cement concrete pavements. West Conshohocken, PA ASTM International. 

Portland cement, which is not a trade name, is available in several grades, to meet various physical and chemical requirements (see ASTM C-150, which covers eight types of Portland cement and Cement Standards of the World [7]). 

The standard ASTM C-150 recognizes eight basic types of Portland cement concrete but there are also many other types of blended and proprietary cements hat are not mentioned here. Among them, type 1 is made in the greatest quantity. 

Cement. Standard Specification for Portland Cement (ASTM C 150), Type I or II Federal Specification SS-C-192G(3). The cement should not have more than 0.60 percent alkali (sodium oxide), or not more than 0.15 percent water-soluble alkali by weight. 

The cement used in this study was commercially available ordinary Portland cement (PC) Type I confirming to the ASTM C150 standard (2012). The FA used was sourced from the Colie Power Station of Western Australia and was classified as class F FA in accordance with ASTM C618 (2012). Commercially available dry nano-CaCOs (NC) powder with a size of approximately 40—50 nm and 97.8% calcite (CaCOs) content was used (see Figure 11.1). The NC was bought from Reade Advanced Materials (United States). Figure 11.2 shows the XRD analysis of PC, FA, and NC. The chemical composition and physical properties of cement, class F FA, and NC are presented in Table 11.1. 

It has been shown by conduction calorimetry that Type 10 (Type I ASTM) cement containing 25% fly ash exhibits similar behavior to Type 40 (Type IV ASTM) low heat cement containing no fly ash.f l Both these cements have lower heats of hydration compared to pure Type 10, normal Portland cement (Fig. 3). 

Type I Portland cement conforming to ASTM C150 [12]. 

The test that defines the technique for measuring movement capabilities in sealants is ASTM C719-93. This test method (the Hockman Cycle) describes the application of a sealant between rigid adherends (such as cured Portland cement, glass, or aluminum). The sealant is applied to one of the adherends in a mass to create a bead that is 0.5 x 0.5 x 2.0 in. after which the other adherend is applied. After cure (which can be several weeks and several temperature excursions), the sealant joint is placed in a machine which moves one adherend with respect to the other. Thus, the thickness of the joint for a 12% movement sealant would inaease to 9/16" and for a 25% movement sealant it would increase to 5/8". In compression, the thickness of the sealant would be decreased to 7/16" for a 12% movement sealant and 3/8" for a 25% movement sealant. This extension/compression can be cycled slowly (over an hour for one cycle). After 10 cycles, the specimen is removed and examined for failure and type of failure. This test can also be... 

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