Population demographics

This raises the important question of what is elderly . In the average regulatory dossier, the majority of patients are likely to be less than 75 years old, yet population demographics point... 

Temporal profile of human activity patterns Population demographics Human exposure factors... 

Partial experimental confirmation of action at a distance has been provided by the research of a former graduate student Louis Macovsky (1999). This study created a novel laboratory metapopulation model of a single insect species Tribolium castaneum. Arranged linearly, habitat patches were linked by density-dependent dispersal of the adult morph. Patches were monitored for the indirect effects on population demographics beyond the patch that received a simulated adulticide over the period of approximately one-and-a-half egg-to-adult cycles. It was demonstrated that indirect effects do occur in patches beyond the patch directly impacted. The indirect effects were dose related and correlated with distance from the directly disturbed patch. 

Primary objective of the study, clinical condition evaluated patient population, demographics, sample size estimate. 

The patient population demographics (body weight and baseline Flgb concentrations) were defined based on observed baseline values observed across the three studies. 

The twentyfirst century may obviously record and witness an apparent positive tilt in population demographics ultimately leading to a much healthier, stronger and happier elderly population. 

Consider a two-group parallel trial which is to be stratified by sex (that is to say, sex will be fitted as a main effect but not necessarily as an interaction). Let N be the target number of individuals to be studied in a conventional trial. Let the overall arrival rate for patients be r and let the population demographic fraction be /, and suppose that the arrival rate for women is fr and for men is (1 — f)r. Let tn be the time to recruit if there is no discrimination (tn stand for time no ), as in a conventional trial. Let tt (f) be the time to recruit if equal numbers of males and females are required for the same total... 

Currently in the United about 4 million people suffer from Alzheimer s disease. As the population demographics continue to shift with the percentage of people in the older groups growing most rapidly, the medical care problem becomes more demanding. It is estimated that nearly 50% of people over 85 years of age have Alzheimer s disease. Furthermore, in the western world Alzheimer s disease is considered the fourth leading cause of death. 

Statistics Canada (1978). "1976 Census of Canada. Population Demographic Characteristics Five-year Age Groups," Cat. No. 92.823. Supply and Services Canada, Ottawa, Ontario. Statistics Canada (1967-1979). "Apparent Per Capita Food Consumption in Canada," Cat. No. 

A Swiss study examined the epidemiology and costs of work-related bums [18]. These authors found that 4.6 % of all accidents in Switzerland were bums and that 3 % of all work-related accidents were bums. Based on population demographics, they estimated approximately 36,000 bum injuries per year with 5 % of these requiring hospital admission and one-third of those reqniring treatment in a specialized bum center. Of 6,814 bum injuries in 1984, 58 % (3,952) were work related. The total cost for bum care was 17.7 million Swiss Francs, with 19 % for medical care and the rest for other compensation. These anthors did not separate chemical skin injuries from other bum etiologies [18]. 

A related qualifier is the extent to which some particular model for some site- or scenario-specific use is flexible for multiple uses by the regulator or risk manager. For example, biokinetic models such as EPA s lEUBK model for children (U.S. EPA, 1994a,b,c) or the O Flaherty PB-PK model for children and adults (O Flaherty, 1995, 1998) theoretically permit assessment of the results of altered land uses, altered population demographics, or impact of lead remedial actions when projecting into future years for body lead burdens indexed by PbB. Such applications should not require recalibration with empirical data for every use. 

Still, even with such gross correction factors, the results of these seat belt studies are important in two respects. First, they demonstrate the existence of a caveat that should be attached to self reports. Second, they can provide specific correction factors once the relevant mediating variables (actual observed rate of the specific behavior, the population demographics, and the particular measure of interest - e.g., crashes versus seat belt usage) are established. 

Domenech, M., Yu, H., Warrick, J. et al. 2009. Cellular observations enabled by microculture Paracrine signahng and population demographics. IntegrBiol (Camb) l(3) 267-74. 

Interpreting the significance of reproductive endpoints to a population can be difficult and requires collaboration between toxicologists and ornithologists to better interpret population changes 13). The health, population demographics, and cadmium concentrations observed in white-tailed ptarmigan from contaminated and non-contaminated sites revealed a possible population shift as a result of increased cadmium exposure to females 26). 

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