Poplar bark

Glycerine 2 oz Ferri citras 3 oz Hydrarg. cum creta 4 oz Opii tinct. 17 oz Potas. chloras 1 Vi oz Scillae syripis 5 oz Soda bicarb. 1 oz R. Colchici Vi oz Colocynthidis Vi oz Pulv. Jalap % oz Solut. Quinine 1 lb Poplar bark 18 lb... 

Dried dogwood bark, 30 parts dried poplar bark, 30 parts dried willow bark, 40 parts whisky, 45 degrees strength two pounds of the mixed bark to one gallon of whisky. Macerate fourteen days. Dose for tonic and anti-febrifuge [i.e., febrile] purposes, one ounce three times a day. ... 

Elderflower Yarrow Poke root Burdock root Clivers Poplar bark Senna leaf Uva ursi... 

POPLAR Populus tremuloides, Michx., family Salicaccac, gives the drug Populi tremula cortex, poplar bark. 

Activity The antipyretic effects of willow and poplar barks were known in antiquity these activities are attributable to the mentioned constituents. S. is used in the treatment of acute joint rheumatism and gout as well as in the synthesis of anion exchange resins. 

Capsule content Equisetum arvense L., White Poplar Bark, Hypericum perforatum L. flowers. Dogwood Berry, Schisandra chinensis Baill (Turez), Matricaria recutita (L.) extract. 

Salicin—found in willow bark (Salix spp.), poplar bark (Populus spp.) and Viburnum spp. 

Salicin is a glucoside found in willow bark Salix) and in poplar bark Populus). Particularly in the poplar bark, it is found accompanied by a second glucoside, populin. Salicin is o-hydroxymethylphenyl /3-D-glucoside,... 

CfiHi 05 0 C6H4 CH20H. Colourless, bitter crystals, m.p. 20 PC soluble in water and alcohol, insoluble in chloroform. It occurs in the leaves, bark and twigs of species of willow and poplar. On oxidation with dilute nitric acid it is converted into helicin, the glucoside of salicylaldehyde, which has been made the starting point of further syntheses. Gives populin with benzoyl chloride. 

Sahcyl alcohol [90-01-7] (saligenin, o-hydroxybenzyl alcohol) crystallizes from water in the form of needles or white rhombic crystals. It occurs in nature as the bitter glycoside, saUcin [138-52-3] which is isolated from the bark of Salix helix S. pentandra S. praecos some other species of willow trees, and the bark of a number of species of poplar trees such as Folpulus balsamifera P. candicans and P. nigra. 

No drugs have been a more faithful companion to man throughout his history than salicylates, the forebears of aspirin. About 3,500 years ago the Ebers Papyrus recommended the application of a decoction of leaves of myrtle to the abdomen and back to get rid of rheumatic pains. Hippocrates championed the juices of the poplar tree and willow bark to treat fever and labor pains. These plants and trees are abimdant in compounds derived from salicylic acid, which gets its name from them (in Latin salix is a willow tree). For thousands of years on all continents they have helped to... 

Figure 3. PME isoform patterns in cell wall extracts fiom active and resting cells, a cell wall extracts from successive segments (A, B, C and D) sectioned along mui bean hypocotyb and exhibiting decreasing elongation rates a, and y m c the main PME isoforms present in the extracts, tteir pi are respectively around 7.5, S.5 and above 9.1. b cell wall extracts obtained from poplar cambium and inner bark tissues during cambial active (may) and rest (december and march) periods 1, 2 and 3 represent the activity of 3 groups of PME isoforms with pi around 5-6, 7.5 and above 9.1. Activities expressed as percent of total PME activity present in each extract.

Certain flavonoids are used by plants to protect them from invasion by parasites. For example, poplar (Populus spp.) cultivars produce a chemical barrier to parasitization by mistletoe (Viscum album).Resistant poplar cultivars were significantly higher in flavonols and flavones compared to susceptible cultivars. Likewise, in Streblus asper the bark and wood of trees that are resistant to the parasite Cuscuta reflexa hold higher levels of flavonoids, as well as steroids and alkaloids. 

Populus alba L. P. davidiana Dode P. tomentosa Carr. Yin Bai Yang (White poplar) (leaf, stem bark) Salicin, populin, benzoyl salicin, tannins, erisin, salicinase, salicortin, tremulacin, salireposide.50 Depurative, for colic, eczema, herpes, labialis, fever, dysuria, antiseptic, antiperiodic. 

It is very important to select a suitable type of wood for the manufacture of the charcoal used in blackpowder. It must be soft, but not resinous and should be prepared from white wood of such trees as alder, poplar, willow, hazel etc. Before carbonization the wood must be de-barked and cut into pieces 10-30 mm thick. In some countries where hemp is plentiful the stems of this plant are used for making charcoal. 

The approach "select favorable raw material has a major impact on the selection of pretreatment processes. For example, the poplar responds splendidly to many pretreatments that fail with Douglas fir or pine-based materials (I). Specific tissues and cells of a given biomass raw material will respond quite differently. For example, the rind fiber of sugarcane bagasse behaves quite differently from the pith fiber (11)- In woody species, the selection of tissues low in bark and extractives is an important factor in the ease or resistance to cellulose hydrolysis. Before embarking on development of processes for hydrolysis of a biomass resource, it is highly desirable to exercise discretion with respect to the choice of raw materials at both the species and tissue levels. This idea is all the more important in an initial choice of species and pretreatment process. 

Salicinum, Salicin, C13H1807, is a glucoside obtained from several species of Salix, the willow, and populus, the poplar, trees of the nat. ord. Salicaceae. It is found also in Gaultheria procum-bens, the wintergreen, nat. ord. Ericaceae and in Betula lenta, the sweet birch, nat. ord. Betulaceae the volatile oils of which, distilled from the leaves of the former and from the bark of the latter, consist almost entirely of methyl salicylate. 

Further work in Canada to produce rigid wet-process insulation boards from a bark-wood mixture was reported by Branion in 1961 (36). He made boards containing 85% poplar wood and 15% white spruce bark a few boards were made with added poplar or jack pine bark. White spruce bark worked best it appeared to cause a significant increase in tensile strength compared to boards made from 100% poplar wood fiber. This effect also was demonstrated in a hardboard. Other boards were made with up to 80% bark. Water absorption decreased as bark content increased. An effort was made to discover the bark ingredient responsible for the strength increase. After a series of extractions, the active component was concluded to be present in the holocellulose. 

Renewed interest in bark particleboard was evidenced by a short article written by Murphey and Rishel (39). They reported results of preliminary studies on relative strengths of various bark species compared to aspen flakeboard. Bark species included aspen, black locust, green oak, white pine, oak and locust, poplar, red oak, and mixed oak. Overlaying was suggested as a means of increasing bending strengths. 

The root bark of the tulip poplar (Liriodendron tulipifera L.) has previously been shown to contain cytotoxic germacranolides such as costunolide (177), tulipinolide (178), and epitulipinolide (179).84a Further studies846 have revealed the presence of lipiferolide (180) and epitulipinolide diepoxide (181) in this plant and it has been... 

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