Pond Liners

In the sheeting market, the low density polyethylenes are less important than the high density resins. The high density resins have excellent chemical resistance, stress-crack resistance, durabiUty, and low temperature properties which make them ideal for pond liners, waste treatment faciUties, and landfills. In thicker section, HMW-HDPE sheet makes good containers, trays, tmck-bed liners, disposable items, and concrete molds. The good durabiUty, abrasion resistance, and light weight are critical elements for its selection. 

PVC—related co- and terpolymers permanent plasticization and improved processibihty pond liners, auto interiors, shoes 140,317,319... 

DuPont—Dow is the primary suppHer of these polymers. There is an estimated 18,000 t of these elastomers used per year. The main uses of CPE are in constmction, automotive, and electrical appHcations. These include power steering hose, electrical cords used in low voltage appHcations (extension cords, ignition wire), pond liners, and as a plastic modifier to improve impact modification. 

It is fairly true to say that the use of chlorinated polyethylene has not been large, possibly due to the greater ease with which the chlorosulphonated polyethylene (Hypalon), a closely related competitor material, can be cured. When used, chlorinated polyethylene has found its major use in the wire and cable industry. It is also used in pond liners. 

The excellent UV stability of chlorosulphonated polyethylene has led to wide use as a roof sheeting material, the ability to compound this material to slowly cure at ambient temperatures being an added advantage another sheeting application is pond liners. Wire and cable applications, coated fabrics, and items made from them, hoses and moulded goods are other areas in which this material finds use. 

Polyethylene and VAE or EBA copolymers such as LED PE geomembrane pond liners, HD PE alloy geomembrane liners, lightweight tarps and containment liners. Beware of low elongations at yield and the stress cracking sensitivity of certain polyethylenes. 

Soft PVC, PVC-NBR such as containment liners, fish-safe grade pond liners, coated fabrics or laminates for tarps and shelters, landfills and canal linings (since the 1950s), decorative ponds and lakes. Unfortunately, soft PVCs are subject to plasticizer desorption and extraction, becoming harder and brittle. 

The major cost factors of an evaporation pond include pond liners, land preparation, excavation and clearing, site surveying, bank construction, pumps, control systems, disposal of precipitated solids, maintenance and geotechnical investigation of the site (Singh and Christen 2000). Of these, pond liners typically represent the greatest cost (Nicot et al. 2009). 

Chlorinated poly (vinyl chloride) (CPVC) has increased Tg compared to PVC, and this increases its upper use temperature. Applications include hot- and cold-water pipe as well as pipe for the handling of industrial chemical liquids. Chlorinated polyethylene (CPE) finds use as roofing and other vapor barrier membranes, as pond liners, and as an additive to improve the impact strength of PVC. 

Products from calenders go into many different markets such as credit cards, upholstery, luggage, water reservoir, rainwear, loose-leaf book, and footwear. Different plastics are used such as ABS and ABS/PVC alloys go into margarine pack, luggage, panels, and chlorinated PE go into roofing, and pond liners. There are unsupported and supported as well as rigid products and coated substrates. Unsupported flexible PVC... 

Micro-Chek 11. [Ferro] 2-n-0( l-4-isothiazolin-3-one in plasticizers mildeweide, antimicrobid, fungicide, preservative to PVC, polyurethane, automotive trint awnings, pond liners, marine upholstery, outdoor furniture, intmor applies. 

A solar pond liner fabrication specification and installation procedure should include the following points - (These are by no means exhaustive.)... 

In 1970, DuPont Introduced Hypalon A5, a thermoplastic grade of chlorosulfonated polyethylene synthetic rubber, for applications as a pond liner material. It was one of the first thermoplastic elastomers retaining easy seamablllty both in the fabrication plant and in the field, and possessing outstanding resistance to outdoor weathering. 

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