Polyethylene chlorosulphonated

It may also be mentioned that a number of commercial polymers are produced by chemical modification of other polymers, either natural or synthetic. Examples are cellulose acetate from the naturally occurring polymer cellulose, poly(vinyl alcohol) from polyfvinyl acetate) and chlorosulphonated polyethylene (Hypalon) from polyethylene. 

High elasticity is also not utilised in the main application of chlorosulphonated polyethylenes, in wire and cable coating, which consume about 40% of output. The combination of heat and oil resistance has led to widespread use as sheathing for nuclear power cables, offshore oil rig cables and in diesel electric locomotives. Other uses include chemical plant hose, spark plug boots and as a base for flexible magnetic strips. 

Chlorinated (CM) and chlorosulphonated polyethylenes (CSM and ACSM)— this chapter... 

Chlorosulphonated polyethylene rubber (Hypalon) has excellent chemical resistance even to oxidative acids at elevated temperatures. When specially compounded it can have excellent abrasion resistance in some operating conditions. 

Butyl Rubber and Halo-Butyl Rubber Ethylene Propylene Rubber (q) Hard Rubber (Ebonite) (h) Soft Natural Rubber (h) Neoprene (i) Nitrile Rubber Chlorosulphonated Polyethylene Polyurethane Rubber (v) Silicone Rubbers (k)... 

An elastomer made by substituting chlorine and sulphonyl chloride groups into polyethylene. The material is best known by the trade name Hypalon, which is the DuPont trade mark for their brand of chlorosulphonated polyethylene. 

It is fairly true to say that the use of chlorinated polyethylene has not been large, possibly due to the greater ease with which the chlorosulphonated polyethylene (Hypalon), a closely related competitor material, can be cured. When used, chlorinated polyethylene has found its major use in the wire and cable industry. It is also used in pond liners. 

Chlorosulphonated Polyethylene (CSM, CSPE) Designation in ISO 1629 - CSM Repeat Unit... 

DuPont have produced a modified chlorosulphonated polyethylene based polymer (trade name Acsium). In this modified polymer the chlorine content is reduced, but an additional pendant alkyl group is used to restrict the ability of the polymer to crystallise. The result is a polymer with a lower Tg than the conventional CSM polymer. 

As with chlorinated polyethylene rubber, chlorosulphonated polyethylene exhibits good resistance to oxygen, ozone and light. The polar nature of the polymer chain also confers oil resistance. 

The excellent UV stability of chlorosulphonated polyethylene has led to wide use as a roof sheeting material, the ability to compound this material to slowly cure at ambient temperatures being an added advantage another sheeting application is pond liners. Wire and cable applications, coated fabrics, and items made from them, hoses and moulded goods are other areas in which this material finds use. 

Acrylic rubber Chlorinated polyethylene Chlorosulphonated polyethylene Ethylene-propylene copolymer Ethylene-propylene terpolymer Fluorocarbon rubbers (certain grades)... 

The majority of plasticiser consumption is in CR and NBR. Plasticisers are also technically important in chlorosulphonated polyethylene, hydrogenated nitrile, ethyl acrylate copolymer, epichlorohydrin copolymer and ethylene-acrylic terpolymer. At around 10 kt/annum (Europe), total consumption of plasticisers is on a much smaller scale than the process oils used in hydrocarbon rubbers. Typical addition levels are below 20 phr. 

Chlorosulphonated polyethylene is obtained by reacting low density polythylene with chlorine in presence of sulphur dioxide using carbon tetrachloride as solvent. The product contains 30 per cent chlorine and 1.5 per cent sulphur. This is a sticky rubbery material and is soluble in chlorinated hydrocarbon solvents. It can be vulcanised by heating with metal oxides like litharge or magnesium oxide in presence of water. The cross-linked product is found to be resistant to chemical attack and is used in gaskets, hoses, etc. 

Graft polymers were obtained by mastication of a 60/40 blend of natural rubber and chlorosulphonated polyethylene (/). From 10-55% natural rubber was obtained as side chains. Grafting presumably proceeds by transfer of chlorine atoms to the rubber radicals to give grafting sites for combination with rubber radicals. Soluble linear polymers were also obtained by mastication for 50-180 min under nitrogen for a blend 50/50 of natural rubber and a polyurethane rubber (Vulcaprene A) (/). 

Chlorosulphonated polyethylene was first introduced by DuPont as Hypalon, a trade name in the year 1952. Chlorosulphonated polyethylene compounds have good heat and oxygen and ozone resistance, moderate oil resistance and excellent electrical properties, but their main features for use in the chemical process industries is their resistance to strong oxidizing chemicals. 

Other reported TG-MS applications concern polybutadiene [153], styrene-butadiene rubbers [153], gums [14], polyisoprenes [52], polyurethanes [144, 146, 147, 166], ABS [144], chlorosulphonated polyethylene elastomer [169, 170] and elastomer blends (NBR/SBR/ BR) [13]. Table 1.5 summarises the use of advanced TG-MS systems in elastomer analysis. 

PAS-FTIR spectra have been used to find out the interaction of chlorosulphonated polyethylene (CSM) and carbon black N110 [48]. A number of bands in the 1800 cm1-1680 cm1 region in the spectrum of Nil0 (Figure 2.7) confirm the presence of different carbonyl functionalities, which may include carboxyl group, lactone and quinone. The band at 1651 cm1 is characteristic of aromatic double bonds in the carbon black. The... 

At room temperature, PE is a semi-crystalline plastomer (a plastic which on stretching shows elongation like an elastomer), but on heating crystallites melt and the polymer passes through an elastomeric phase. Similarly, by hindering the crystallisation of PE (that is, by incorporating new chain elements), amorphous curable rubbery materials like ethylene propylene copolymer (EPM), ethylene propylene diene terpolymer (EPDM), ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA), chlorinated polyethylene (CM), and chlorosulphonated polyethylene (CSM) can be prepared. 

Lead stabilisers have been used in a variety of PVC as well as other polymers for many years. In some halogenated polymers, such as chlorinated PE (CPE), chlorosulphonated polyethylene (CSM), polychloroprene (CR) and epichlorohydrin (ECO), dibasic lead phthalate and dibasic lead phosphite are used to scavenge HC1 arising from crosslinking as well as from degradation. In some of these cases, the metal may participate in crosslink formation. With lead-based stabilisers, the result is typically a product with greater water and chemical resistance than if a light metal, with more soluble halide salts, were used instead. In other cases, lead stabilisers may be used solely for function in metal oxide... 

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