Polymer Science, Dental

Despite its limitations, kinetic gelation modeling is still a very useful tool in simulating network structure in highly crosslinked systems. While kinetic gelation models have gained widespread use in the polymer science field, the application of these models to dental materials and their development appears to be an area appropriate for further exploration. 

Gebelein, C. G., Koblitz, F. F. Biomedical and Dental Applications of Polymers, Polymer Science and Technology Vol. 14, New York, Plenum Press 1981... 

A brief history and state-of-the-art ion enamel and dentin bonding was published in 1995 (178). Recent advancements in ssmthetic chemistry and polymer science of dental sealants are now briefly reviewed or discussed, iucludiug those designed for various clinical uses, directed toward prolongiug the lifetime service of natural teeth. 

Anseth, K. S., S. M. Newman, and C. N. Bowman 1995. Polymeric dental composites Properties and reaction behavior of multimethacrylate dental restorations. Advances in Polymer Science. 122 177-217. Bourke, S. L. and J. Kohn 2003. Polymers derived from the amino acid L-tyrosine Polycarbonates, polyary-lates and copolymers with poly( ethylene glycol). Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews. 55 447-66. 

Moszner, N. and Salz, U. (2001) New developments of polymeric dental composites. Progress in Polymer Science,... 

Gao, Y, Sagi, S., Zhang, L., Liao, Y, Cowles, D.M., 2008. Electrospun nano-scaled glass fiber reinforcement of Bis-GMA/TEGDMA dental composites. Journal of Applied Polymer Science 110, 2063-2070. 

Anseth, K. S., S. M. Newman, and C. N. Bowman 1995. Polymeric dental composites Properties and reaction behavior of multimethacrylate dental restorations. Advances in Polymer Science. 122 177-217. 

The field of dental materials has made use of the developments in polymer science since the days of Goodyear and his vulcanization process for rubber. Materials such as rubber, celluloid, glyptal, phenol-formaldehyde resins and, more recently, polystyrene, polyesters, vinyl resins, poly(siloxanes), polysulfides, polycarbonates, polyamides, polyurethanes, polyoxyethylenes, agar, and alginates have been studied and used for various applications. 

B. D. Halpern, and W. Karo, "Dental Applications", Supp. Vol. II, Encyclopedia of Polymer Science and Technology (1977), Wiley... 

Dental and Medical Materials Polymer Science and Standards Division National Bureau of Standards Washington, DC 20234... 

Surface science is an invisible yet exceedingly important branch of physics and organic chemistry that studies the behavior and characteristics of molecules at or near the surface or interface. The interface can be between solids, liquids, gases, and combinations of these states. Sophisticated apparatus have been developed to identify and quantify surfaces and interfaces. Polymer surfaces are of special interest in industrial and biological applications examples of the latter include dental implants and body part prosthetic devices. Modification of surfaces of these devices allows formation of controlled interfaces to achieve characteristics such as bondability and compatibility. 

Dental and Medical Materials Group, Polymers Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 est China University of Medical Sciences, People s Republic of China... 

Bumgardner, JD., Wiser, R., Gerard, D. et al., 2003b. Chitosan Potential use as a bioactive coating for orthopaedic and craniofacial/dental implants. Journal of Biomaterial Science Polymer Edition 14 423-138. 

The past 10 years have been characterized by an explosion in the field of materials science. It cannot be denied that scientists all over the world exdted by the development of smart polymers, composites, and systems invest effort in studying them in potential biomedical appUcations. The term Smart defines a material or system having the ability of adapting itself to external stimulus by a number of ways, for example, shape shifting. The most known nonpolymer biomaterial is the shape memory alloys, such as NiTinol, with many dental applications [111]. Smart polymers are still under development [112, 113], some are already commercially available as in the case of smart polyurethanes (DiAPLEX ) by Mitsui Polymers. Recently, a cardiology product has been released in the market featuring smart characteristics. The discussion is about a cardiology stent dilated with the help of a balloon made from smart shape memory polyurethane as described in a 2002 US patent, and placed inside the blocked arteries of a patient [114]. 

During the last 30 years, advances in material science have led to the development of synthetic materials that have unique properties for medical applications. Metals, ceramics, polymers, composites are the main classes of synthetic biomaterials. Metals and their alloys have been used in various forms as implants and for hard tissue repair (e.g., dental implants, joint replacement, fracture plates, screws, pins). They are mechanically strong, tough and ductile. They can be readily fabricated and sterilised. However, they may corrode in the biological media, their densities are high and their mechanical properties mismatch with bone, which may result undesirable destruction of the surrounding hard tissues. 

Nguyen, S., M. Hiorth, M. Rykke, G. Smistad. Polymer coated Uposomes for dental drug delivery-interactions with parotid saliva and dental eswanoX. European Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences 50 (2013), 78-85. 

In summary, we have tried to outline recent developments in dental materials to illustrate the applications of research ideas in organic and polymer chemistry to one aspect of the health sciences. 

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