Polymer resin polyvinyl alcohol

As already indicated in Section 3.1.3, besides chain and step growth polymerizations, new polymer structures can also be achieved by modifying a precursor polymer structure with new functionalities. Even though this is the base for a number of technically important polymers including polyvinyl alcohol and, for example, ion exchange resins, for many years, this method was not considered to be suitable for the reliable large-scale synthesis of well-controlled polymer architectures, mostly because it is very difficult to achieve very high... 

Vinyl chloride polymers and copolymers are often referred to as vinyl resins. PVC is the most important member of the vinyl resin family, which includes polyvinyl acetate (PVAC), polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), polyvinylidene chloride (PVdC) and polyvinyl acetal. Almost always the term PVC includes polymers of VCM as well as copolymers that are mostly VCM. 

Polymeric carbohydrates of an undetermined degree of polymerization have also been used to modify synthetic adhesive resins. In particular, cellulosic papermill sludges have been used to modify PF and UF resins (127). A carbohydrate polymer was reported to be an excellent extender and modifier for polyvinyl alcohol adhesives (128). 

A direct relation between the polymer foams density (respectively, the expansion ratio) and the oligomer content in it has been established [114], Addition of water soluble polymers (polyvinyl alcohol, carboxymethyl cellulose, etc.) led to a reduction in resin consumption without deteriorating the quality of the solid foam obtained. Polymer foams of density 5-7 kg m3 were produced when the oligomer consumption was not more than 15-20% with respect to the solution volume. 

PERMAFRESH MEL resin reacts with starches and synthetic polymers such as polyvinyl alcohol and acrylates. Alone, PERMAFRESH MEL resin provides a firm hand on polyester and nylon fabrics and reacts with cellulosic fabrics to provide shrinkage control. PERMAFRESH MEL resin also aids in obtaining and maintaining satisfactory results when used with water and/or oil repellent products. 

The use of imprinted polymer ion separation and photometric detection has been demonstrated for Pb [19] and for U02 [35]. In the case of Pb ", the imprinted Pb " resin described above was packed into columns and used to remove Pb " from tap and seawater at a variety of pH values [8], The extraction efficiency of the imprinted resin was compared to the efficiency of an imidodiacetate resin (Chelex-100), a thiol-functionalised resin (Duolite G-73) and a high-capacity polyacrylic acid/polyvinyl alcohol resin (a proprietary NASA resin). The imprinted polymer s extraction efficiency was equal or better than the other resins and the effluents from the imprinted polymer resin were shown to be virtually free of contamination by other metal ions (Fig. 19.13). The purity of the effluent allowed the determination of Pb using a very non-specific colorimetric reagent, dithizone. The method is suitable for automation as an FIA technique. 

Madders. Phenolic polymers are known to have high rigidity, and this property extends to phenolic foams, which are highly friable. In order to reduce friabUity and permit some flexibUity and toughness, various kinds of modifiers are sometimes used. Reactive modifiers are used in the course of resol-resin preparation, and they become integral parts of the polymer structure. Examples include PVA (polyvinyl alcohol), PVA-PVC (polyvinyl alcohol-polyvinyl chloride-copolymer), resorcinol, o-cresol, furfuryl alcohol, and other various types of polyols. 

Often a textile fabric requires a firm feel or hand. This can be accomplished by adding a chemical finish to increase the fabric stiffness. These finishes are usually low-cost water-soluble polymers such as starch or polyvinyl alcohol. If a durable stiffening effect is needed, vinyl acetate polymers, polyurethanes and thermosetting resins can be used. 

The ESD behavior can be provided by blending in a flexible-chain polymer with an active -OH or -SH group, viz. polyvinyl alcohol (PVAl), ethylene-vinylacetate (EVAc), polyvinylphenol (PVPh), a copolymer of ethylene oxide and epi-chlorohydrin (EO-CHR), maleated copolymer, aliphatic polysulfides, etc. These low performance resins have been incorporated into a variety of alloys and blends (see Table 1.79). 

Today, the most common types of synthetic dry strength additive are based on polyacrylamide although polyvinylamine strength additives are growing in popularity. This is because of the relatively low cost, and the ability to readily put an ionic charge onto these polymers. Other resins such as polyvinyl alcohol or lattices are used, but generally these are seen in surface applications to the paper, rather than as wet-end additives. Similarly styrene acrylic resins have shown superior performance when applied through surface application rather than as stock additives [8],... 

In the polymer industry, packing material, laminates including multilayer films, pellets or molded products can be analyzed by NIR. Even polymer latex particles with up to 99 % water content may be analyzed. NIR provides information about reaction mechanisms, polymerization, crystallinity, orientation, water content and hydrogen bonding, even during the process of polymer manufacture. For example the disappearance of the double bonds in polyethylene and polypropylene can be monitored. In the NIR spectrum C=C bonds lead to a combination band at about 4740 cm and a first overtone at about 6170 cm NIR spectroscopy is applied to characterize ester-, nitrile-, or amide-based acrylic and methacrylic polymers. Other examples are the identification of polyvinylchloride, polyvinyl alcohol and polyvinyl acetates or the analysis of polymerization in epoxy and phenolic resins. 

The polymer resin should be in a state of subdivision suitable for uniform distribution on the sand grains to form an adhesive fihn and hold the sand grains strongly together. It is preferred that resin dispersions be between 40 and 60% by weight solids. The higher the concentration of solids, the better, as less water will have to be removed, however, with concentrations above 60% by weight it can be difficult to mix the dispersion into the sand. With resin solutions, e.g., solutions of polyvinyl alcohol, concentrations of 4-20% solids are preferred. 

Polymer resin aqueous dispersions and alcoholic solutions 5% by weight to 40% by weight of polymer resin such as polyvinyl acetate homopolymer or copolymer in... 

CAS 9002-89-5 (super and fully hydrolyzed) EINECS/ELINCS 209-183-3 Synonyms Ethenol homopolymer Polyvinol Polyvinyl alcohol, hydrolyzed Polyvinyl alcohol resin Poval PVA PVAL PVAL, hydrolyzed PVOH Vinyl alcohol polymer Classification Polymer aliphatic organic compd. 

Polyvinyl alcohol resin. See Polyvinyl alcohol Polyvinyl butyral CAS 9003-62-7 63148-65-2 Synonyms Polyvinyl butyral resin PVB Vinyl acetal polymers, butyrals Vinyl acetyl polymers, butyrates... 

Uses Unsat. polyester resin comonomer solvent, plasticizer in vinyl, polyester, and polyurethane resins plasticizer for polyvinyl alcohol dehydrating agent for natural gas solvent, lubricant for textile dyeing/printing solvent for printing inks, dyes, cosmetics, pharmaceuticals extraction solvent humectant for tobacco, printing inks, cork chem. intermediate plasticizer in food-contact polymers and coatings in food-pkg. adhesives in cellophane for food pkg. in surf, lubricants for mfg. of food-conta[Pg.4521]

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