Polymer characterization differential scanning calorimetry

The SC method could be used to indirecdy characterize the SCBD of different polymers. The differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) curves of the selected fractions ofPE-1 and PE-2 are shown in Fig. 3.6. After the treatment of SC, the DSC curves showed a similar profile for each of the high temperature fractions above 87 °C. Moreover, a strong single peak was... 

The compositional distribution of ethylene copolymers represents relative contributions of macromolecules with different comonomer contents to a given resin. Compositional distributions of PE resins, however, are measured either by temperature-rising elution fractionation (tref) or, semiquantitatively, by differential scanning calorimetry (dsc). Table 2 shows some correlations between the commercially used PE characterization parameters and the stmctural properties of ethylene polymers used in polymer chemistry. 

The modified NBR samples were characterized by differential scanning calorimetry [11,78-80,98]. The glass-transition temperature (T ) decreased with the level of hydrogenation. In the case of HFNBR, Tg increased with an increase in the addition of aldehyde groups to the polymer chain. Thermogravimetric analysis of the modified polymers have also been carried out [15]. 

ADMET polymers are easily characterized using common analysis techniques, including nuclear magnetic resonance ( H and 13C NMR), infrared (IR) spectra, elemental analysis, gel permeation chromatography (GPC), vapor pressure osmometry (VPO), membrane osmometry (MO), thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA), and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The preparation of poly(l-octenylene) (10) via the metathesis of 1,9-decadiene (9) is an excellent model polymerization to study ADMET, since the monomer is readily available and the polymer is well known.21 The NMR characterization data (Fig. 8.9) for the hydrogenated versions of poly(l-octenylene) illustrate the clean and selective nature of ADMET. 

Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) are also very useful tools for the characterization of polymers. TGA and DSC provide die information about polymer stability upon heating and thermal behaviors of polymers. Most of the polymers syndiesized via transition metal coupling are conjugated polymers. They are relatively stable upon heating and have higher Tgs. 

Thermal Analysis - Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) and thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA) were used to characterize the thermal properties of the polymers synthesized. DSC analysis was performed on a Perkin-Elmer Differential Scanning Calorimeter, Model 2C with a thermal analysis data station. Thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA) was carried out on a DuPont thermal gravimeter, Model 951. From the DSC and TGA plots of poly (N-pheny 1-3,4-dimethylene-... 

M. Reading. Modulated Differential Scanning Calorimetry—A New Way Forward in Materials Characterization. Trends Polym. Sci. 1993,1, 248-253. 

Bisphthalonitrile monomers were cured neat, with nucleophilic and redox co-reactants, or in combination with a reactive diluent. Dynamic mechanical measurements on the resulting polymers from -150 to +300°C turn up several differences attributable to differences in network structure. Rheovibron results were supplemented with solvent extraction, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), vapor pressure osmometry, and infrared spectroscopy to characterize the state of cure. 

The purpose of the second dwell is to allow crosslinking of the matrix to take place. It is during the second dwell when the strength and related mechanical properties of the composite are developed. To characterize the exothermic crosslinking reaction of a thermosetting polymer matrix, a thermal cure monitor technique such as Differential Scanning Calorimetry... 

Characterization of polymers 5-9 was achieved by XH and 31P NMR spectroscopy, gel permeation chromatography, differential scanning calorimetry, UV/visible and infrared spectroscopy, and elemental microanalysis. All the polymers were soluble in common organic media, such as tetrahydrofuran, acetone, and methylethyl ketone. 

Miyashita et al. carried out miscibility characterization of CA blends with poly(N-vinyl pyrrolidone) (PVP), poly(vinyl acetate) (PVAc), and poly(N-vinyl pyrrolidone-co-vinyl acetate) random copolymers [P(VP-co-VAc)s] [ 104]. On the basis of thermal transition data obtained by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), a miscibility map (Fig. 8) was completed as a function of the degree of substitution (DS) of CA and the VP fraction in P(VP-co-VAc). Figure 9 compares results of the DSC measurements between two blending pairs of CA/P(VP-co-VAc) corresponding to the polymer combinations marked as A and B in Fig. 8. In the data (Fig. 9b) for the blends of CA (DS = 2.95) with P( VP-co-VAc) of VP = 51 mol %, we can readily see a sign of poor miscibility, as is evidenced from the lack of an appreciable shift in the... 

Provder, T., Holsworth, R. M., Grentzer, T. H., and Kline, S. A. (1983). Use of the single dynamic temperature scan method in differential scanning calorimetry for quantitative reaction kinetics. In Polymer Characterization, Craver, C. D. (Ed.), Advances in Chemistry 203, pp. 233-253. Am. Chem. Soc., Washington, DC. 

Son and coworkers also reported the syntheses of hyperbranched poly(carbosilanes) via hydrosilylation. In one report, they prepared a series of AB3 carbosilarylene monomers (5, 6 and 7)173 which polymerized cleanly and rapidly to form soluble hyperbranched polymers in high yields. The polymers, ranging in appearance from sticky solids to oils, were characterized by NMR spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, differential scanning calorimetry and vapor pressure osmometry. The polymers possessed subambient Tg... 

Readings, M. (1993). Modulated differential scanning calorimetry—a new way forward in material characterization. Trends Polym. ScL, 1, 248-53. [108]... 

In this chapter, we report the results of a study of the synthesis of a more complete series of polymers, la-Ih, by the same low-temperature condensation polymerization reaction (equation 1), All these new polymers were characterized by NMR spectroscopy, gel permeation chromatography (GPC), thermal analysis (differential scanning calorimetry [DSC] and ther-mogravimetric analysis [TGA]), and elemental analysis. 

Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and infrared spectroscopy are the common techniques used in the characterization of the structure of the congealed solid. Thermal analytic methods, such as DSC and differential microcalorimetric analysis (DMA), are routinely used to determine the effect of solutes, solvents, and other additives on the thermomechanical properties of polymers such as glass transition temperature (Tg) and melting point. The X-ray diffraction method is used to detect the crystalline structure of solids. The infrared technique is powerful in detecting interactions, such as complexation, reaction, and hydrogen bonding, in both the solid and solution states. 

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