Polyamides reinforcement

Table 6.30 shows the properties of the same thermoplastic (short fibre reinforced polyamide) reinforced with the same level of the three main reinforcement fibres, illustrating the effect of the fibre nature. 

In our previous studies [2,3], we have shown that for lime-stabilized clayey sand, a parabolic behavior for the stress- strain curve is expeeted. Hence, for our polyamide reinforced materials, a similar behavior can be observed. This is presented in equation 2 for stabilized speeimens containing 15% lime ... 

It is observed that polyamide-reinforced speeimen behaves in similar way and shows a parabola stress- strain eurve presented by equation 3 ... 

Consequently, the similar parabolic stress- strain explains the behavior of polyamide-reinforced sample as follow ... 

Howard A, Parratt NJ. Life prediction for aromatic polyamide reinforcements. In Harrington WC, Strife J, Dhingra AK, editors. ICCM 5, Warrendale, PA, USA 1985. pp. 277-92. 

Nylon Celanese Polyamides reinforced or not, PA Hoechst Celanese Corp. 

Nylon, an aUphatic polyamide, was introduced as a commercial tire cord in 1947 and grew in usage to - 5.4 billion kg/yr (- 2 billion Ib/yr) in the 1990s (10,11). Nylon-reinforced tires use nylon-6 poljmier (polycaprolactam) fibers as well as nylon-6,6 (poly(hexamethylenediainine adipamide)) fibers. Nylon tire cords are characterized by extremely good fatigue resistance in compression and good adhesion to most mbber compounds with simple RFL adhesives. 

The reinforcing filler usually takes the form of fibres but particles (for example glass spheres) are also used. A wide range of amorphous and crystalline materials can be used as reinforcing fibres. These include glass, carbon, boron, and silica. In recent years, fibres have been produced from synthetic polymers-for example, Kevlar fibres (from aromatic polyamides) and PET fibres. The stress-strain behaviour of some typical fibres is shown in Fig. 3.2. 

Nylon (Polyamide) PA is a crystalline plastic and the first and largest consumption of the engineering thermoplastic. This family of TPs are tough, slippery, with good electrical properties, but hygroscopic and with dimensional stability lower than most other engineering types. Also offered in reinforced and filled grades as a moderately priced metal replacement. 

Recycling, 529-574 closed-loop, 534 history of, 529-531 of urethane materials, 207-208 Reinforced polyamides, 139 Relative viscosity, 161 REPETE, 532 Repolymerization, 559-560 of EG and DMT, 561-562 Research... 

Fluoroelastomers Novikova et al. [32] reported unproved physico-mechanical properties of fluoro mbbers by reinforcement with chopped polyamide fibers. Other fiber reinforcements are covered by Grinblat et al. [33]. Watson and Francis [34] described the use of aramid (Kevlar) as short fiber reinforcement for vulcanized fluoroelastomer along with polychloroprene mbber and a co-polyester TPE in terms of improvement in the wear properties of the composites. Rubber diaphragms, made up of fluorosilicone mbbers, can be reinforced using aramid fiber in order to impart better mechanical properties to the composite, though surface modification of the fiber is needed to improve the adhesion between fluorosUicone mbber and the fiber [35]. Bhattacharya et al. [36] studied the crack growth resistance of fluoroelastomer vulcanizates filled with Kevlar fiber. 

Trade name of aromatic polyamide materials produced by DuPont with high strength and impact resistance, hence used as reinforcement. Kieselguhr... 

Mineral reinforcements, in polyamide plastic manufacture, 19 786 Mineral resources, uranium, 17 518-521 Minerals. See also Ores... 

Reinforcing agents, adding to polyamide plastics, 29 780-781 Reinforcing blacks, 22 775 Reinforcing fillers, for silicone networks, 22 570, 571... 

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