Polyallyl esters

This volume continues in the same format as the first edition with updates on the syntheses of various types of polymers, including olefin-sulfur dioxide copolymers, polythioesters, sulfide polymers, polyisocyanates, polyoxyalkyihydroxy compounds, polyvinyl carbazole, polyvinyl acetate, polyallyl esters, polyvinyl fluoride, and miscellaneous polymer preparations. The book should be useful to academic and industrial chemists who desire typical synthetic procedures for preparing the polymers described herein. In addition to reviewing the latest journals, we survey the patent literature and give numerous additional references. 

A significant number of works are concerned with the development of new membranes for the separation of mixtures of aromatic/alicyclic hydrocarbons [10,11,77-109]. For example, the following works can be mentioned. A mixture of cellulose ester and polyphosphonate ester (50 wt%) was used for benzene/cyclohexane separation [113]. High values of the separation factor and flux were achieved (up to 2 kg/m h). In order to achieve better fluxes and separation factors the attention was shifted to the modification of polymers by grafting technique. Grafted membranes were made of polyvinylidene fluoride with 4-vinyl pyridine or acrylic acid by irradiation [83]. 2-Hydroxy-3-(diethyl-amino) propyl methacrylate-styrene copolymer membranes with cyanuric chloride were prepared, which exhibited a superior separation factor /3p= 190 for a feed aromatic component concentration of 20 wt%. Graft copolymer membranes based on 2-hydroxyethyl methylacrylate-methylacrylate with thickness 10 pm were prepared [85]. The membranes yielded a flux of 0.7 kg/m h (for feed with 50 wt% of benzene) and excellent selectivity. Benzene concentration in permeate was about 100 wt%. A membrane based on polyvinyl alcohol and polyallyl amine was prepared [87]. For a feed containing 10 wt% of benzene the blend membrane yielded a flux of 1-3 kg/m h and a separation factor of 62. 

Acrylic acid, otqfbis (ethyleneoxyethylene) ester. See PEG-4 diacrylate Acr ic acid, oi iethylene ester. See Diethylene glycol diacrylate Acr ic acid, pentaerithritol Iriester. See Pentaerythrityl triacr ate Acr ic acid polymer Acrylic acid, polymers. S Polyacrylic acid Acr ic acid, polymer rnrithsucrose-polyallyl ether. S Carbomer Acr ic acid, propylenebis (oxypropylene) ester. See PPG-3 diacrylate Acr ic acid resin. See Polyacr ic acid... 

See Hydroxypropyl acrylate Acrylic acid, oxybis (ethyleneoxyethylene) ester. See PEG-4 diacrylate Acrylic acid, oxydiethylene ester. See Diethylene glycol diacrylate Acrylic acid, pentaerithritol triester. See Pentaerythrityl triacrylate Acrylic acid polymer. See Polyacrylic acid Acrylic acid, polymer with acrylamide. See Acrylic acid/acrylamide copolymer Acrylic acid, polymers. See Polyacrylic acid Acrylic acid, polymer with sucrose-polyallyl ether. SeeCarbomer... 

Representative coagents of this type include triallyl cyanurate and polyallyl ethers and esters. 

Covalent coupling. Reactive LB/LS membranes with dense assemblies of am-phiphiles displaying activated ester, anhydride, imide, and disulfide functionalities have been developed for direct or linker-mediated coupling to proteins, especially for biosensors [68,69]. Thus, a-chymotrypsin can be bound to LB films of succinimidyl behenoate to give supported planar monolayers [70]. Alternatively, functionalized polymers such as polyethyleneimine and polyallyl-amine can be adsorbed to fatty acid LB/LS membranes, followed by covalent attachment of proteins to the polymers [68]. However, covalent immobilization suffers from the drawback that it may lead to undesirable conformational disturbances in the protein and partial denaturation. 

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