Polyvinyl carbazole

Fig. 49. Photoelectromotive force spectra of the magnesium phthalocyanine in polystyrol (/), polyvinyl carbazole (2), luvican (i) [285]...

A strain-biased antiparallel domain configuration is induced in the plane of a memory-type PLZT (7/65/35 with a grain size of 1.5 /mi) plate approximately 60 fim thick, as shown in Fig. 8.17(a). A strain of 10 3 is achieved by bonding the PLZT to a thicker plate of transparent Perspex and bending the combination so that the ceramic is in tension in the convex surface. Combining a photo-conductive layer, e.g. polyvinyl carbazole, CdS, ZnS or selenium, with the PLZT plate allows an optical pattern to be electrically stored, read and erased. Transparent ITO electrodes sandwich the photoconductor-PLZT combination. 

Charge-transfer polymers were commercialized by IBM Corporation since about 1968 in xerographic copiers A drum covered by trinitro-fluorenone-polyvinyl carbazole polymer mixed with trinitrofluore-none replaced the expensive Se drum. 

Vinyls are one of the most versatile families of plastics. The term vinyl usually identifies the major very large production of polyvinyl chloride (PVC) plastics. The vinyl family, in addition to PVCs, consists of polyvinyl acetals, polyvinyl acetates, polyvinyl alcohols, polyvinyl carbazoles, polyvinyl chloride-acetates, and polyvinylidene chlorides. As a family, they are strong and abrasion resistant. They are unaffected, for the most part, by prolonged exposure to water, common chemicals,... 

Local motions of a, a)-bis( 1-pyrene) alkanes and pyrene -labelled poly(methyl methacrylate) in solution have been measured by pico-second excimer fluorescence spectroscopy In this study the formation of the polymers during polymerisation could be accurately maintained by measuring excimer fluorescence lifetime. The photophysical properties of poly (N-vinylcarbazole) have been interpreted on the basis of a study in diastereoisomers of 2,4-di(N-carbazolyl)t In this work it is concluded that 95% of the excitation energy occurs with chromophores associated with specific excimer sites. Excimer formation in various polyvinyl carbazole... 

This volume continues in the same format as the first edition with updates on the syntheses of various types of polymers, including olefin-sulfur dioxide copolymers, polythioesters, sulfide polymers, polyisocyanates, polyoxyalkyihydroxy compounds, polyvinyl carbazole, polyvinyl acetate, polyallyl esters, polyvinyl fluoride, and miscellaneous polymer preparations. The book should be useful to academic and industrial chemists who desire typical synthetic procedures for preparing the polymers described herein. In addition to reviewing the latest journals, we survey the patent literature and give numerous additional references. 

Fig. 8.49 TOF hole-conduction transients in a polyvinyl-carbazole (PVK) film of thickness d = fim at T = 219 K after an excitation pulse of width 10 ns and an applied voltage of V = 400 V, as a log-log plot. The time scale spans eight decades and the measurement is composed of five individual curves acquired over different time intervals, whose limits are marked by arrows, tx is the transit time. After [52].

Polyamides Polyurethanes Polyureas Amino-plastics Polyacrylonitrile and copolymers Polyvinyl-carbazole Polyvinylpyrrolidone... 

Figure 10.5 Different methods of enzyme immobilisation on conducting polymers (a) physical adsorption (b) crosslinking by bifunctional reagents (c) covalent bonding to the matrix (d) entrapment within the polymer matrix (e) immobilisation in a conducting polymer polyvinyl carbazole (PVCZ)/stearic acid (StA) monolayer using...

Polyphenylene sulfide Polyphenylene sulfide sulfone Polyphenylene sulfone Polypropylene Polypropylene copolymer Polypropylene homopolymer Polypropylene oxide Polystyrene Polytetrafluorethylene Polyurethane Polyvinyl acetate Polyvinyl alcohol Polyvinyl carbazole Polyvinyl chloride... 

These techniques have been applied to PTFE [211,212], polybutadiene [213], rubbers [214, 215], acrylics [216,217], PE [218-220], polyurethane [221], PS [222], polyvinyl carbazole [223], polymalic acid [224], poly-P-hydroxybutyrate and poly-p-hydroxyvalerate [225], y-glycidoxy propyltrimethoxysilane [226], polypyrrole [227], and acrylonitrile-butadiene rubber [228]. 

Bulk polymer structural studies. These include studies on reactions between polyacrylic acid and polymethacrylic acid and polyacrylic acid with poly(4-vinyl pyridine) and poly(2-vinyl pyridene) [259], polybithiophene [260], polyvinyl carbazole sulfonation products [223], 3-hydroxybutyrate and 3-hydroxyvalerate containing Biopol [225]. 

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