Poly polyglycolide copolymers

The use of polylactides for delivery of insect hormone analogs and other veterinary compounds (115,116) has been studied. Microspheres, pellets, and reservoir devices based on polyglycolide, poly-(DL-Iactide), poly(L-lactide), and various copolymers have been used to deliver methoprene and a number of juvenile hormone analogs. ... 

Meanwhile Ethicon (and others) developed alternative absorbable surgical sutures, based, for example, on copolymers of polyglycolide with poly-L-lactide or poly(trimethylene carbonate), and on polydioxanone, and on poly(e-oxycaproate), and also on copolymers of these with polyglycolide or with each other. These different structures made it possible to provide fibres with different rates of absorption, with different degrees of stiffness or flexibility, and for use in monofilaments, braided multifilaments, and other yam structures, as required for different surgical operations. 

A scientific breakthrough in order to design USCAs on demand can be seen in the third generation (Myomap, Quantison, BiSphere and Sonavist). Compared to the more or less free bubbles of the first and second generations, the novel type of USCAs consist of encapsulated microbubbles with a shell formed by a biopolymer (like human albumin) and/or a biocompatible synthetic polymer (like copolymers of poly-lactide and polyglycolide or derivatives of polycyanoacrylate). In addition to the prolongation of the lifetime in the blood stream, these polymer-stabilized microbubbles can be manufactured to fulfill certain needs, and to interact with diagnostic ultrasound in a defined and optimal manner. 

Synthetic or man-made, e.g., PVAl, CA, polylactams e.g., polycaprolactam), polyglycols (e.g., polyethylene glycol), poly(aspartic acid), poly(butylene succinate-co-adipate), as well as poly(3-hydroxy butyrate) or PHB, poly(P-hydroxybutyric acid) or PHBA, poly(hydroxy-valerate) or PHV, poly(lactic acid) or PLA, polyCglycolic acid), polyglycolides, polybu-tyric acid, their copolymers and mixtures. 

Bioerodible polymers offer a unique combination of properties that can be tailored to suit nearly any controlled drug delivery application. By far the most common bioerodible polymers employed for biomedical applications are polyesters and polyethers (e.g., poly(ethylene glycol), polylactide, polyglycolide and their copolymers). These polymers are biocompatible, have good mechanical properties, and have been used in... 

Block/segmented absorbable copolymers of high melting crystallizable polyesters such as polyglycolide with amorphous polyether-ester such as poly-l,5-dioxepane-2-one... 

Owing to its hydrolytic instability, initially, its use was limited. Currently, polyglycolide and its copolymers poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) with lactic acid, poly(glycolide-co-caprolactone) with e-caprolactone, and poly(glycolide-co-trimethylene carbonate) with trimethylene carbonate) are widely used to develop synthetic absorbable sutures that were marketed under the trade name of Dexon and are now sold as Surgicryl [61],... 

The cyclic forms can be opened by nucleophilic attack of various initiators. Polymers often called poly(glycolic acid) and poly(lactic acid)s or, more properly, polyglycolide (PGA) and polylactides (PLA), or their copolymers (PLGA) can be obtained according to the main mechanism, as... 

Absorbable suture materials are catgut (collagen derived from sheep intestinal submucosa), reconstituted collagen, polyglycolide (e.g., Dexon , Dexon II , Dexon S ), poly(glycolide/lactide) random copolymer (e.g.. Vicryl ), antimicrobial-coated Vicryl (Vicryl Plus ), poly-/ -dioxanone (e.g., PDS , PDSII PDS Plus), poly(glycolide/trimethylene carbonate) block copolymer (e.g., Maxon ), poly(glycolide/e-caprolactone) (e.g., Monocryl ,... 

Bioresorbable linear aliphatic polyesters (e.g., polyglycolide, polylactide, polycaprolactone, polyhydroxybutyrate) and their copolymers within the aliphatic polyester family like poly(glycolide-L-lactide) copolymer and poly(glycolide-E-caprolactone) copolymer. 

A series of papers has been published on the direct degradation of a variety of polyesters in the ion source of a mass spectrometer. Polymers examined were poly(/3-propiolactone), poly(/S-pivalolactone), poly(y-valerolactone) poly-lactide, polyglycolide, and a glycolic acid-lactic acid copolymer poly(oxysuc-cinyloxy-1,4-phenylene) and poly(oxyterephthaloyloxy-l,4-phenylene). ... 

Poly(b-hydroxybutyric acid), PHBA 3-hydroxy butyrate-valerate copolymer Polylactic acid, PLA, polyglycolides, polybutyric acid or copolymers of butyric and valeric acid... 

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