Poly-N-vinyl

RAFT polymerization has been used to prepare poly(ethylene oxide)-/ /wA-PS from commercially available hydroxy end-functional polyethylene oxide).4 5 449 Other block copolymers that have been prepared using similar strategies include poly(ethylene-co-butylene)-6/oci-poly(S-eo-MAH), jl poly(ethylene oxide)-block-poly(MMA),440 polyethylene oxide)-Moe -poly(N-vinyl formamide),651 poly(ethylene oxide)-Wot A-poly(NlPAM),651 polyfethylene ox de)-b ock-polyfl,1,2,2-tetrahydroperfluorodecyl acrylate),653 poly(lactic acid)-block-poly(MMA)440 and poly( actic acid)-6focA-poly(NIPAM),4 8-<>54... 

Guner A. and Kara M. Cloud points and temperatures of aqueous poly(N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone) solutions in the presence of denaturing agents. Polymer 39, 8 9, 1569-1572,1998. 

PVP-PdCl2= palladium anchored on poly(N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidinone) Zhang, Y. Liao. S. Xu, Y. Tetrahedron Lett., 1994, 35, 4599... 

TP Davis, MB Hughn, DCF Yip. Properties of poly(N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone) hydrogels crosshnked with ethylene glycol dimethacrylate. Polymer 29 701-706, 1988. 

The behavior of Cu(II)(aq) is relatively more understood than other metal ions. Haas and Gedanken [74] found only a partial reduction of Cu2+ ions to Cu+ (95%) instead of metallic copper (5.1%) in the presence of cetyltrimethylammonium bromide in an ultrasonic field and thus obtained CuBr particles instead of Cu. Nevertheless, when polymers such as poly(N-vinyl 2-pyrrolidone) or poly(vinyl alcohol) were used, the end product was metallic copper particles, as expected. They have proposed the reduction of Cu2+ ions to copper as the first stage, however, in the second stage Cu reacted with OH radicals or H2O2, formed by sonolysis of water to produce Cu+ and OH- ions as under ... 

Granular swelling agents. These systems typically consist of cross-linked hydrophilic polymers like e.g. cross-linked poly-(N-vinyl pyrrolidone) or hydrophilic but insoluble polymers, e.g. cellulose that swell to a considerable volume within a few seconds on contact with water. These systems are powerful disintegrants and are used particularly in quick-release detergent tablets put in a dispenser tray. 

Finally, these particles generated in ionic liquids are efficient nanocatalysts for the hydrogenation of arenes, although the best performances were not obtained in biphasic liquid-liquid conditions. The main importance of this system should be seen in terms of product separation and catalyst recycling. An interesting alternative is proposed by Kou and coworkers [107], who described the synthesis of a rhodium colloidal suspension in BMI BF4 in the presence of the ionic copolymer poly[(N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone)-co-(l-vinyl-3-butylimidazolium chloride)] as protective agent. The authors reported nanoparticles with a mean diameter of ca. 2.9 nm and a TOF of 250 h-1 in the hydrogenation of benzene at 75 °C and under 40 bar H2. An impressive TTO of 20 000 is claimed after five total recycles. 

PEG, 13 736-737 pH-sensitive, 13 743 PHEMA, 13 733-734, 749, 750 poly(acrylamide)-based, 13 737-738 poly(acrylic/methacrylic acid), 13 734 poly(N-vinyl 2-pyrrolidone), 13 739 polyurethane, 13 739 porous, 13 750-751 preparation methods for, 13 731-732 properties and preparation of,... 

On the methods of analysis of the thermally stimulated current and the values of the trap depth in poly-N-vinyl-carbazole... 

Kiselev O, Kozeletskaya K, Melenevskaya E et al. (1998a) The antiviral activity of the complex of fullerene C60 with poly(N-vinyl-pyrrolidone). Mol Mat. 11 121-124. 

Another useful commercial polymer is poly N-vinyl carbazole which is of interest in reprographic systems due to its photoactive properties. Here there is competition be-... 

The next example deals with polymerization of acrylic acid along with poly(N-vinyl pyrrolidone) as reported by Ferguson and Shah. Similar calculations lead to a curve which fits well experimental points. The results are presented in Figure 8.5. The maximum polymerization rate appears very close to [T]/[M] ratio equal one. However, it is not a rule. Recalculated data obtained by Fujimori et for polymerization of acrylic acid are presented in Figure 8.6 and for methacrylic acid Figure 8.7. The data give maximum rate of polymerization at much lower value of [T]/[M]. In all cases presented, the results... 

There seems no doubt that organic photoconductor systems will permit the development of new reproduction processes based on the electrophotographic principle 10>. Dyes play an important role in this development on the one hand they act as spectral sensitizers of the organic photoconductors (e.g. poly-N-vinyl-carbazole 161> and on the other hand, the photoelectric effects of dyes are important for... 

Titania and silica glass thin films Au, Pt Photoreduction of HAuCl and K.2PtCl4 in ethanol-water in the presence of poly(N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone) or poly(methyl vinyl ether led to metal particles (sizes depended on solvent composition the smallest, 2.8 nm in diameter, was obtained in 100% alcohol) which were mixed with Ti(i-OC3H7)4 and acetylacetone under N2. Subsequent to 30 minutes of stirring, exposure to moisture produced Ti02-embedded metal particles 74... 

Process for the Preparation of Amphiphilic Poly(N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone)... 

Shibata et al.u have reported on the heme complexes of poly(L-histidine) and the copolymer of L-histidine and L-glutamic acid. Poly(L-histidine) and the copolymer formed the six-coordinate and five-coordinate heme complex, respectively. Hatano12 found that the formation constant of the complex of heme with poly(N-vinyl-2-methylimidazole) 3 was larger by a factor of 102 or 103 than that of the corresponding monomeric heme complex. 

On the spectroscopic measurement, the hyperchromicity observed at the d—d first absorption band of Fe(II)(phen)3(510 nm) was caused by the hydrophobic interaction between polymer ligands and the bulky phenantroline ring. The magnitude of hyperchromicity decreases in the order Fe(II)(phen)3 mixed with poly(N-vinyl-... 

It is thus expected that the conformation of the polymer-ligand chain will influence the reactivity of a metal complex. The influence of the conformational change of a poly(N-vinyl-2-methylimidazole)(PVMI 3) ligand has been studied in the electron-transfer reaction of a Co(III) complex in aqueous-alcoholic solvents87. ... 

Fig. 19. Relationship between ethanol content, rate constant (ft), and viscosity of solution in the electron-m transfer reaction for poly(N-vinyl-3 2-methylimidazole)-Co(III) Fe-edta2 87 ...

O rate constant for reaction between [Co(III)(en)2(PNVl)CllCl2 and Fe(ll)edta, A rate constant for reaction between monomeric [Co(IIlXen)2(NEI)CllCli and Fe(II)edta, intrinsic viscosity of PVMI-Co complex solution, PVNI = poly(N-vinyl-2-methylimidazole),... 

Hatano12 dispersed the ferroheme complex of poly(N-vinyl-2-methylimidazole) in fluid paraffin. He reported a reversible change in the visible spectra with respect to oxygen exposure. 

The structural formulas of the poly N-vinyl carbozole (PVC) and poly epoxypropyl carbazole (PEPC) are... 

Water-soluble polymer-bound porphorins have been prepared by the reaction of poly(methacrylic acid) and poly(N-vinyl pyrrolidone-co-methacrylic acid) with the low-molecular weight substituted Zn complexes tetraphenylpor-phorin, phthalocyanins and naphthocyanins [67, 68]. These reactions are... 

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