Vinyl formamide

Only A/-vinyl-2-pyrrohdinone (VP) [88-12-0] is of significant commercial importance and hence is the principal focus of this article. Vinylcaprolactam is available (BASF) and is growing in importance, and vinyl formamide is available as a developmental monomer (Air Products). Some physical properties are given in Table 1. 

RAFT polymerization has been used to prepare poly(ethylene oxide)-/ /wA-PS from commercially available hydroxy end-functional polyethylene oxide).4 5 449 Other block copolymers that have been prepared using similar strategies include poly(ethylene-co-butylene)-6/oci-poly(S-eo-MAH), jl poly(ethylene oxide)-block-poly(MMA),440 polyethylene oxide)-Moe -poly(N-vinyl formamide),651 poly(ethylene oxide)-Wot A-poly(NlPAM),651 polyfethylene ox de)-b ock-polyfl,1,2,2-tetrahydroperfluorodecyl acrylate),653 poly(lactic acid)-block-poly(MMA)440 and poly( actic acid)-6focA-poly(NIPAM),4 8-<>54... 

Spange, S., Meyer, T., Voigt, I., Eschner, M., Estel, K., Pleul, D. and Simon, F. Poly(Vinyl-formamide-co-Vinylamine)/Inorganic Oxid Hybrid Materials. Vol. 165, pp. 43-78. 

In 1968, a French Patent issued to the Sumitomo Chemical Company disclosed the polymerization of several vinyl monomers in C02 [84], The United States version of this patent was issued in 1970, when Fukui and coworkers demonstrated the precipitation polymerization of several hydrocarbon monomers in liquid and supercritical C02 [85], As examples of this methodology, they demonstrated the preparation of the homopolymers PVC, PS, poly(acrylonitrile) (PAN), poly(acrylic acid) (PAA), and poly(vinyl acetate) (PVAc). In addition, they prepared the random copolymers PS-co-PMMA and PVC-co-PVAc. In 1986, the BASF Corporation was issued a Canadian Patent for the preparation of polymer powders through the precipitation polymerization of monomers in carbon dioxide at superatmospheric pressures [86], Monomers which were polymerized as examples in this patent included 2-hydroxyethylacrylate and iV-vinylcarboxamides such as iV-vinyl formamide and iV-vinyl pyrrolidone. 

ONIOM STUDIES OF [RH((/ ,/ )-ME-DUPHOS)(N-(1 -TER r-BUTYL-VINYL)-FORMAMIDE)]+... 

Dehydration of formamides to isonitriles.3 This reaction can be effected in high yield at -78° with the combination of triflic anhydride and a tertiary amine. It is effective even in the case of vinyl formamides. 

The technique has been recently extended to polar media, especially alcohols and their mixtures with water as a continuous phase. Kobayashi et al. [104-107] have reported that poly(2-oxazoline) macromonomers such as 34 and 35 are very effective for the dispersion copolymerization with styrene, MMA, and N-vinyl-formamide in methanol, ethanol, and mixtures of these alcohols with water. They reported that the particle size decreased with increasing initial macromonomer concentration and that poly(2-oxazoline) macromonomers graft-copoly-merized are concentrated on the particle surface to act as steric stabilizers. 

Abstract The formation of stable metal/polymer joints is an enormous challenge in material sciences. Good adhesion requires an interphase which is able to specifically interact with the metal substrate as well as with the second component. Furthermore, the interphase should compensate thermally generated mechanical tensions between the two adhering components. It will be shown that statistic copolymers of poly(vinyl formamide) and poly(vinyl amine) (PVFA-co-PVAm) are potential candidates for adhesion promoters. The polyelectrolyte character of the copolymers allows to apply them from its aqueous solutions. The primary amino groups exhibit the copolymers as highly reactive to metal surfaces as well as to the second joint partner. The... 

Adsorption of Poly(vinyl formamide-co-vinyl amine) (PVFA-co-PVAm) onto Metal Surfaces... 

Acknowledgement Financial support by the Deutsche Forschungs-gemeinschaft and the Fond der Chemischen Industrie is gratefully acknowledged. We thank Dr. Schomick and Dr. Hahnle from the BASF AG, Ludwigshafen for providing the poly(vinyl formamide-co-vinyl amine)s and their helpful scientific correspondence. 

The reagent reacts with aldehydes (but not ketones) in the presence of sodium cyanide as catalyst to give oxazoUnes (1). These products are converted into vinyl formamides (2) by potassium f-butoxide in THF. 

The surface can be modified by a technique, which combines controlled deposition by electrophoresis of charged moieties, with UV graft-ing. Polyelectrolytes, such as methacryUc acid (MA), AA, 2-acryamido glycolic acid (AAG), 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) and A-vinyl formamide were used for modification. 

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