Poly N-vinyl-imidazole

Poly(N-vinyl-imidazole) (PVI) and Poly(4(5)-vinyl-imidazole) (P4VI). . 62... 

Poly N(vinyl-imidazole) can be obtained by radical polymerization of the corresponding monomer 36>, which is a commercial product. 

Cross-linked poly(N-vinyl-imidazole) was obtained by reaction of poly(N-vinyl-imidazole) with 1,4 dibromobutane37>. 

Poly(N-vinyl-imidazole) is an essentially monofunctional polybase, as shown by the sharpness of the jump in the titration curve 89). From conductance measurements, it was found that the data fitted the Henderson-Hasselbach expression with a term for the ionic strength ... 

In the case of Ag+, only two imidazolyl groups participate in complex formation, and the overall stability constant is log p2 = 8.00, about one order of magnitude larger than the overall formation constant of the Ag/imidazole complex (log p2 = 6.84). Complexes of Cu2 + with poly 4(5)-vinyl-imidazole, poly(N-vinyl-imidazole), and... 

Fe(lI,in)-protoporphyrin-IX-dfester (7 c, d) with poly(N-vinyl)-imidazole) polystyrene (in mixture with l-(2-phenyl-ethylimidazde) . ... 

Glucose oxidase (GOX) was electrically wired to glassy carbon electrodes by redox hydrogels based on poly (N-vinyl imidazole)... 

Activity studies of glucose immobilized onto poly(N-vinyl imidazole) and metal ion chelated poly (N-vinyl imidazole) hydrogels. J. Mol. Catalysis B Enzym., 21, 273. 

N-Carboxyanhydride of a-amino add is polymerized by the nucleophile-containing polymers such as poly(N-vinyl-2-ethylimidazole), poly(N-vinyl-2-ethylimidazole-co-acrylamide) and poly(N-vinyl-2-ethylimidazole-co-N-vinylpyrrolidone) (102, 103). The rate of polymerization increases with the order of pyrrolidone, amide and imidazole moieties. The order corresponds to the magnitude of the bond formation which is observed in 1R measurement. The rate also increases with the content of pyrrolidone moiety. The rate in N, N -dimethylformamide solution which is unfavorable to the hydrogen bond formation is lower than that in acetophenone. These results show that the hydrogen bond formation is notable as the binding. 

We recently synthesized cationic polymers containing imidazole (e g. 68 (SZ811) and 69 (SZ11—3—3)] by reacting poly [N-(2,4-dinitrophenyl)-4-vinyl-pyridinium chloride] with histamine or histamine mixed with other amino derivatives ll8 The hydrolyses of neutral and anionic esters with the models followed saturation kinetics in alkaline media. 

Both poly(l-butyl-5-vinylimidazole), poly(lB-5IM), and poly(l-methyl-5-vinyl-imidazole), poly(lM-5IM), have no quatemizable nitrogen, so that the coulombic interaction with the substrate is not necessarily to be considered. Using these polymers, hydrolyses of several 3-nitro-4-acyloxy benzoic acid having various acyl chain length (8) (n = 0,5,10,16) have been made (55). The apparent rates of hydrolyses are tabulated in Table 7. 

SYNS IH-IMIDAZOLE, 1-ETHENYD, HOMOPOLYMER IMIDAZOLE. 1-VINYL-, POLYMERS LUFIXAN POLY(VINYUMIDAZOLE) POLY(N-VINYUMIDAZOLE) POLY(l-VINYLIMIDAZOLE) Q N-VINYLIMIDAZOLE HOMOPOLYMER N-VINYD IMIDAZOLE POLYMER... 

Fe(II, III)-protoporphyrin-IX (heme, hemin) (7 a, b) with poly(L-lysine)17-22), poly(L-his-tidine)23, poly(y-benzyl-L-glutamate (with pendant imidazole)19 24, polyethylenimine19,22), poly(4-vinyl-pyridine) (also partly quartemized)19,22,25-3 32, poly(N- or 4(5)-vinylimidazoles) (partly substituted at position 2)19-25-33-37, water soluble imidazole modified polyphophazenes38, macroporous methyl methacrylate, with covalent bound imidazole39,40. ... 

Saponification of type (III) esters with poly(vinyl imidazole) (IV) as catalyst proceeds about 1000 times faster than saponification with imidazole (V) as catalyst. In addition, the polymer-catalyzed reaction is autocatalytic. The saponification rate increases with the length of the acyl residue (by a factor of 25 from n = 1 to n = 17). Obviously, increased methylene chain length leads to increasing intramolecular association of the polymer, which is acylated in an intermediate step of the reaction. 

Rranco, T. T., Galaev, I. Y, Hatti-Kaul, R., Holmberg, N., Bu, L., Mattiasson, B. (1997). Aqueous two-phase system formed by thermoreactive vinyl imidazole/vinyl caprolactam copolymer and dextran for partitioning of a protein with a poly histidine tail. Biotechnology Techniques, II, 231-236. 

The soluble polymeric drugs differ from the insoluble type in that they are soluble in the body fluids. For this reason, these polymers could be administered orally or injected into the body and would not require surgery. These polymers could be homopolymers, such as poly(acrylic acid) or sodium poly(vinyl sulfonate) which show some antineoplastic activity, or they could be a copolymer which contains a drug unit and a second monomer whose primary function is to confer solubility on the copolymer system in the body fluids. These could be copolymers of a drug unit containing monomer with such comonomers as acrylic acid, N-vinylpyrrolidone, vinylamine oxides, vinyl sulfonate, vinyl imidazole or related monomers. Several examples of such systems have been prepared (5,6, 9-11). 

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