Poison gases types

But the dangers of this type of poison gas are not merely restricted to persons in the same house in which fumigation is taking place. Large quantities of gas may penetrate the open air and endanger the entire neighborhood, as shown by an accident in the fall of 1995 in a Croatian holiday resort 18... 

Pakistan, India and China were among several states that adamantly disclaimed a chemical weapons capability before joining the CWC, but India and China have now opened their chemical weapons programmes to the scrutiny of inspectors following the CWC s activation. The CWC differentiated between two different types of offensive capabilities poison gas arsenals and production facilities. India and South Korea declared both chemical weapons plants and stockpiles. Two other countries also made the same declarations, the United States and Russia, which were known chemical weapons possessors before the CWC entered into... 

OSHA PEL TWA 0.5 mg(As)/m3 SAFETY PROFILE Poison by inhalation, ingestion, skin contact, and intravenous routes. See also ARSENIC. A lachr mator type of military poison gas. When exposed to heat, water, or steam it reacts to produce corrosive fumes of Cl . When heated to decomposition it emits highly toxic fumes of arsenic. 

The phosphorus deactivation curve is typical type C, and, according to the Wheeler model, this is associated with selective poisoning of pore mouths. Phosphorus distribution on the poisoned catalyst is near the gas-solid interface, i.e. at pore mouths, which confirms the Wheeler model of pore mouth poisoning for type C deactivation curves. Thus we may propose that in the fast oxidative reactions with which we are dealing, transport processes within pores will control the effectiveness of the catalyst. Active sites at the gas-solid interface will be controlled by relatively fast bulk diffusional processes, whereas active sites within pores of 20-100 A present in the washcoat aluminas on which the platinum is deposited will be controlled by the slower Knudsen diffusion process. Thus phosphorus poisoning of active sites at pore mouths will result in a serious loss in catalyst activity since reactant molecules must diffuse deeper into the pore structure by the slower Knudsen mass transport process to find progressively fewer active sites. 

When a substance undergoes a chemical change, it changes into another type of matter, often with quite different chemical properties. For example, heated sodium reacts violently with chlorine. Sodium is a highly reactive metal, whereeis chlorine is an extremely poisonous gas. After the reaction sodium chloride (salt) is formed this is not a particularly reactive substance and it is essential to life ... 

There are two types of warfare ordnance that we search for on a range site—chemical and high-explosive—and sometimes these are combined. Most chemical warfare material (CWM) exists in the form of a liquid that vaporizes at normal temperature. In the manufacture of poison gas and loading shells, the gas is refrigerated to a liquid, much Uke how alcohol vapor is cooled down to a liquid when making moonshine in a still. The liquid is then poured into drums, bottles, jugs, barrels, or shells. (One exception to the liquid CWM is chlorine or arsine, which, when filled into shells, exists as a compressed gas.)... 

Much of Porton s work in India involved smoke trials with phosphorus bombs, which Allied forces planned to employ against Japanese bunker installations. Another major component was field trials with poison gas. In general, British and Indian nationals were exposed to liquid mustard gas or lewisite to assess the effects of the agents on human skin and on eyes under different climatic conditions, to examine the susceptibility of different skin types, and to develop new types of treatment. Tests conducted between 1942 and 1943 produced a large number of casualties among Indian and British soldiers who suffered from severe burns, were often very miserable and depressed and in considerable discomfort . ... 

Poison gases with an LC50 that is less than 200 ppm are listed by DOT as Poison Gas, Hazard Zone A and extremely poisonous by inhalation. Special packaging requirements are enumerated by DOT for these gases. Specific information on the safe handling of gases of this type is provided in the individual gas monographs. 

Cylinders must be filled so they are not liquid full at 130°F (54.4°C). Valves utilized for cylinders of phosphine are usually of the diaphragm type. When shipped, the outlet must be sealed with a threaded cap or threaded solid plug. If shipped with a packed type valve, the valve must be fitted with a seal cap to contain leakage around the stem, or the complete valve must be sealed to the cylinder with a gasketed gas-tight cap. See 49 CFR 173.40 and 173.192 for general packaging requirements for Poison gas. Hazard Zone A materials [7]. 

FIGURE 2-2. Examples of DOT Transportation Placards, (a) Nonflammable compressed gases (b) flammable materials (c) explosives (d) corrosive materials (e)poisonous material (for gases subsiti-ute POISON GAS and numeral 2 at base of placard (f) oxidizers [5.1], organic peroxides [5.2], and oxygen [2] radioactive materials (type I, II, or III must be indicated) (h)hazardous biologicals. 

Carbon monoxide is a poisonous gas produced naturally by decaying plants, certain types of algae, volcanic eruptions, and the oxidation of methane in the atmosphere. 

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