Triethyl citrate plasticizer

When immobilized in a polymer-plasticizer matrix, (dppe)Pt S2C2(2-py) (CH2CH2OH), can be used for the rapid selective detection of volatile fluoro-, chloro-, and cyanophosphates (Table III, Fig. 10). As with many film immobilized lumiphores, the reactivity is controlled by the immobilizing matrix (39-44, 46, 50-52, 57, 58, 63, 75-77) Such an effect is seen as the sensitivity to phosphate esters increases as plasticizer (triethyl citrate, TEC) concentration increases in the cellulose acetate CA/TEC film (Table IV). 

Figure 10.5 shows that the tensile strength of internally plasticized cellulose diacetate increases with increased amount of external plasticizer, triethyl citrate. Internal plasticization by reaction with maleic anhydride increases stiffness and brittleness of diethyl acetate. Addition of external plasticizer helps to obtain more flexible material. ... 

Citric acid esters are used as plasticizers ia plastics such as poly(viayl chloride), poly(vinhdene chloride), poly(viQyl acetate), poly(viQyl butyral), polypropylene, chlorinated rubber, ethylceUulose, and cellulose nitrate. Most citrate esters are nontoxic and are acceptable by the FDA for use in food-contact packaging and for flavor in certain foods. As a plasticizer, citrate esters provide good heat and light stabiUty and excellent flexibiUty at low temperatures. Triethyl citrate, tri- -butyl citrate, isopropyl citrate, and stearyl citrate are considered GRAS for use as food ingredients (224—228). 

Acetyl triethyl citrate (ATEC) Excellent plasticizer for NC and CAB-based propellants. Also imparts desirable nonvulnerability properties and was used in the original XM-39 LOVA gun propellants [167]. 

Polyvinyl acetate phthalate (PYAP) dissolves at pH higher than 5 and is soluble in ethanol. Plasticizers that are used with PVAP include triethyl citrate, glyceryl triacetate, and acetyltriethyl citrate. 

Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose acetate succinate (HPMCAS) dissolves at pH higher than 5, and there are three kinds of HPMCAS—AS-LG, AS-MG, and AS-HG. Triethyl citrate is a common plasticizer used with HPMCAS. 

Other Plasticizers. Acetyl tributyl citrate is an outstanding nontoxic plasticizer for polyvinyl chloride in food packaging Plastisol formulations containing this ester have exceptional viscosity stability. Acetyl triethyl citrate is a good plasticizer for the cellulosics and acetyl trioctyl citrate shows promise with vmylidene chloride polymers. Other compounds of diverse nature find application as plasticizers. These include tetra-w-butyl thiodisuceinate, camphor, o-nitrobiphenyl and partially hydrogenated isomeric terphenyls... 

Other formulation parameters that may be used to modulate the release include the ratio (relative concentrations) of polymers in the case of incorporation of a mix of two or more polymers as primary coating material, the properties of the core material, and the amount of plasticizers used, which affects the strength of the coat. Plasticizers with low water solubility such as dibutyl sebacate, diethyl phthalate, tri-acetin, triethyl citrate, and acetylated monoglyceride result in delaying... 

Other excipients used in film-coating may influence the dissolution of the polymers [36], For instance, plasticizers may increase or decrease dissolution rate, depending on whether a lipophilic or a hydrophilic plasticizer was used. Using this effect, the time-to-action of a drug may be improved (e.g., by using a hydrophilic plasticizer like triethyl citrate). Usually these effects are not detectable, if... 

Figure 5. Output from a ratiometric intensity analyzer designed to monitor oxygen using [(dppe)Pt S2C2(CH2CH2-A -2-pyridinium) ] [BPh4], immobilized in cellulose acetate plasticized with 75%/wt. triethyl citrate. [Adopted from (21).] The instrument response voltage correlates directly to the triplet/singlet ratio of the dual emitter at various oxygen concentration.

HNP, NICO, but a greatly reduced errosion coefficient (N2/CO) can be found (Tab. 4.11b, Fig. 4.4a). It is also worth mentioning that the HNP and NICO are similar in their performance to NILE (Navy Insensitive Low Erosion Propellant 40% RDX, 32% GUDN, 7% acetyl triethyl citrate, 14% cellulose acetate butyrate, 5% hydroxyl propylcellulose, 2 % plasticizer). 

Table 2 Mechanical properties of dry and hydrated films prepared from different polymeric dispersions plasticized with 20% (w/w) triethyl citrate (standard deviation in parentheses)...

Fig. 11 Force-deflection profiles of soft gelatin capsules containing polyethylene glycol as a fill liquid and coated with Eudragit L 30 D-55 obtained from compression testing (A) polymer plasticized with 20% triethyl citrate (B) polymer plasticized with 20% tributyl citrate. (From Ref. l)...

Fig. 15 Influence of triethyl citrate plasticizer concentration on the force-deflection profile of Eudragit L 30 D-55 applied to tablet compacts ( ) 20% plasticizer ( ) 30% plasticizer. (From Ref...

Cellulose acetate is incompatible with strongly acidic or alkaline substances. Cellulose acetate is compatible with the following plasticizers diethyl phthalate, polyethylene glycol, triacetin, and triethyl citrate. 

Ethylcellulose is compatible with the following plasticizers dibutyl phthalate diethyl phthalate dibutyl sebacate triethyl citrate tributyl citrate acetylated monoglyceride acetyl tributyl citrate triacetin dimethyl phthalate benzyl benzoate butyl and glycol esters of fatty acids refined mineral oils oleic acid stearic acid ethyl alcohol stearyl alcohol castor oil corn oil and camphor. 

Hypromellose phthalate can be applied to tablet surfaces using a dispersion of the micronized hypromellose phthalate powder in an aqueous dispersion of a suitable plasticizer such as triacetin, triethyl citrate, or diethyl tartrate along with a wetting agent. ... 

Note Recommended plasticizers for the above polymers include dibutyl phthalate, polyethylene glycols, triethyl citrate, triacetin, and 1,2-propylene glycol. The recommended concentration of the plasticizer is approximately 10-25% plasticizer based on the dry polymer weight). A plasticizer is not necessary with Eudragit E 12.5, Eudragit E 100 and Eudragit NE 30 D. 

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