Plant contamination

An important route of plant contamination comes from direct contact during surface application of sludge. A study by Chaney and Lloyd [42] showed that sludge constituted 30% of forage dry matter immediately following spray application of liquid sludge on tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea Schreb). The sludge concentration decreased to 10% after 30 days. 

Riederer, M. 1995. Partitioning and Transport of Organic Chemicals between the Atmospheric Environment and Leaves. In S. Trapp and C. McFarlane, Eds., Plant Contamination - Modeling and Simulation of Organic Chemical Processes, Lewis, Boca Raton, 153-190. 

Manz A, Berger J, Dwyer JH, et al. 1991. Cancer mortality among workers in chemical plant contaminated with dioxin. Lancet 338 959-964. 

Many fertilisers for the treatment of deficiencies of trace elements are added to the leaves. In addition, uptake of trace elements from aerial sources through the leaves may have a significant impact on plant contamination, especially of elements such as Fe, Mn, Zn and Cu. Anthropogenic aerosols have been reported to bring about foliar deposition of Pb to a great extent (Streit and Stumm, 1993). Zieve and Peterson (1984) have reported the assimilation of diemethyl selenide through leaves of terrestrial plants. Roberts et al. (1975) found a significant absorption of foliar-applied Zn, Fe, Cd and Mg. 

Trapp S, McFarlane JC. 1995. Plant contamination modeling and simulation of organic chemical processes. Boca Raton (FL) Lewis Publishers. 

Army. 1980. Milan Army Ammunition Plant contamination survey. Milan, TN Milan Army Ammunition Plant. Document no. AD B053362. 

Army. 1982c. Iowa Army Ammunition Plant contamination report. Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD U.S. Army Toxic and Hazardous Materials Agency. Document no. AD B074315. 

Cancer mortality among worker in chemical plant contaminated with dioxin"... 

R. H. Bromilow, K. Chamberlain, in Plant Contamination Modelling and Simulation of Organic Chemical Processes. (Eds. S Trapp, J. C. McFarlane). Lewis Publishers, Boca Raton, Florida, USA, 1995, pp. 37-68. 

The three primary waste streams from a glycerine recovery plant are skimming and filter cake from the treatment plant, contaminants in the vacuum system condensing water, and residue (foots) from the glycerine refining plant. Filter cake discharge is typically sent to a solid landfill. The concentrated residue from a foots still, when allowed to cool, will typically solidify and must be disposed of as required by the local environmental authority. 

Rizk, A.-F. M. (ed.) (1990) Poisonous Plant Contamination of Edible Plants. CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL. 

Phytoremediation is the use of plants to treat contaminated soil or groundwater. Many different plant-contaminant or plant-microbe-contaminant interactions can lead to reducing the threat posed by contaminants. To best understand how plants can reduce contaminant threat, comprehending the role of plants and their interactions with the environment overall is important. If the plant processes are recognized, then the application of plants to remedy contaminated sites is clear and logical. In this work, the ecological role of plants will be outlined, and then the ways in which plant-environment interactions can be exploited in mitigating the threat of contaminants in our environment are discussed. 

Removal and storage of metals from the contaminated media into the plant contaminants applied to Ag, As, Cs, Cd, Co. Hg. Na, Pb, Zn... 

Individuals living in the vicinity of hazardous waste sites and abandoned wood-treatment plants contaminated with coal tar creosote may experience higher levels of exposure than the rest of the general population. These environmental exposures generally are at a lower dose but of longer duration than the occupational exposures. 

Due care must also be taken to ensure that vehicles delivering batteries to a recycler do not leave the plant contaminated with lead dust. It is important, therefore, to ensure that all vehicles leaving a secondary lead recycler pass through a wash bay (Fig. 16.4) with high pressure water sprays that wash the underside of the vehicle, the tires, both sides and the rear, the cab and the top. All the wash water should be allowed to settle in an interceptor pit to permit the large particulates to settle before being pumped to the water treatment plant to remove contaminants. 

Application of the Principles of Substantial Equivalence to the Safety Evaluation of Foods or Food Components from Plants Derived by Modem Biotechnology, Report of a WHO Workshop, WHO Geneva, 1995. van Gelder, W.M.J. In Poisonous Plant Contamination of Edible Plants Rizk, A.F.M., Ed. CRC Press Boca Raton, FL, 1991 pp 117-156. 

These examples are presented not only to demonstrate the wide-spread application of microflotation in water purification. It is apparent that optimal technical design (selection of microflotation version and process parameters, such as volume fraction and size of bubbles, hydrodynamic conditions in flotation aggregates, etc.) strongly depends on properties of water which vary over a wide range depending on the plant contaminating the water. Even for one and the same plant waste water varies because of changing conditions of the production... 

The upper part of the Rhone catchment in southwestern Switzerland contains abundant U-mineralizations. They are at the origin of an important flux of dissolved uranium towards the Lake of Geneva (around 13 ton/year) (Dominiket al., 1992). Some complementary studies were carried out by Woodtli et al. (1985) on the sediment contents, by Baertschi and Keil (1992) on the surface and ground waters and by Pfeifer et al. (1994) on soil and plant contamination in the Martigny area. These studies allow to reconstruct the natural dispersion process of uranium in some detail (Figs. 18 and 19). 

Further evaluation of the different flushing agents to improve the efficiency of electrokinetic remediation of soil from a manufactured gas plant contaminated with PAHs and heavy metals was performed (Reddy et al, 2006). They concluded that... 

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