Carbon steel piping

Feedwater treatment is designed to protect the feedwater system and, to some extent, the boiler. Most systems contain carbon steel piping. Carbon steel corrosion (Fig. 23a) is considerably slower at a pH between 9.0 and 11.0. In aH-ferrous feedwater systems, the preferred pH range is therefore 9.2 to 9.6, although some systems are operated at a pH as high as 10. In systems where copper alloys are present, high concentrations of ammonia accelerate corrosion of the copper alloys. In those systems the preferred pH is 8.8—9.2. 

Piping—carbon steel, alloy, cast iron, lead-lined, aluminum, copper. Purchasing, expediting, and traffic... 

Estimate the safe working pressure for a 4 in. (100 mm) dia., schedule 40 pipe, carbon steel, butt welded, working temperature 100°C. The safe working stress for butt welded steel pipe up to 120°C is 6000 lb/in2 (41.4 N/mm2). 

Pipe carbon steel A106 Grade B, or A524, or API Speciflcation 5L, Grade A or B 2604 1.0254 St 37.0 3602 TU42C G5456 Gr STFT 370/4110... 

Pipe carbon steel, galvanized A53 Type F Sch40 galvanized to A153 1706 TU26CH18-12 ... 

Pipe carbon steel, /g in. nominal Schedule 40, ASTM A 106 ... 

PVC pipe carbon steel pipe stainless steel pipe... 

In refinery or petrochemical plant piping, carbon steel, the low-alloy steels containing up to 9% chromium with 0.5 or 1.0% molybdenum, the... 

Le Carbone Lorraine, Brochures about ARMYLOR G (PTFE). ARMYLOR G is used to protect the internal surfaces of metal piping (carbon steel) against attack by chemically corrosive process fluids. 

Dry hydrogen sulfide is satisfactorily handled under pressure at normal ambient temperatures in carbon steel or black iron piping. Carbon steels in wet applications are known to be subject to sulfide stress cracking and low-temperature brittle fracture under some conditions of temperature, stress, and pressure. While hydrogen sulfide itself is relatively noncorrosive to steel in many uses, factors such as impurities, pH, erosive con-... 

Peach Bottom US 1966-1974 Counter Flow with iitemal Insulation Outer Pipe — Carbon Steel Inner Pipe - 304 Stainless Steel Insulation -304 Stainless Steel Outer Pipe Diameter — 91 iiner Pipe Diameter 52 115 998 2.2... 

Fort Saint Vrain US 1974-1989 Internal Insulation Outer Pipe — Carbon Steel Insulation — Ceramic Eiber Not Available 842 1050 4.8... 

The presence of these acids in crude oils and petroleum cuts causes problems for the refiner because they form stable emulsions with caustic solutions during desalting or in lubricating oil production very corrosive at high temperatures (350-400°C), they attack ordinary carbon steel, which necessitates the use of alloy piping materials. 

CO2 corrosion often occurs at points where there is turbulent flow, such as In production tubing, piping and separators. The problem can be reduced it there is little or no water present. The initial rates of corrosion are generally independent of the type of carbon steel, and chrome alloy steels or duplex stainless steels (chrome and nickel alloy) are required to reduce the rate of corrosion. 

Shipment, Stora.ge, ndPrice. l-Methyl-2-pyrrohdinone is available in tank cars or tank trailers as well as in dmms. Shipping containers are normally of unlined steel. Rubber hose is unsuitable for handling standard steel pipe or braided steel hose is acceptable. Ordinarily 1020 carbon steel (0550) is satisfactory as a storage material. Stainless-steel 304 and 316, nickel, and aluminum are also suitable. MethylpyrroHdinone is hygroscopic and must be protected from atmospheric moisture. In September 1994, NMP was Hsted at 3.89/kg. 

Shipment and Storage. Sulfur dichloride, if kept dry, is noncorrosive at ambient temperatures, thus carbon steel and Hon can be used Hi the constmction of tanks, piping, and dmms. However, when water or humidity is present, materials resistant to hydrochloric acid must be used, eg, glass-lined pipe. Teflon, titanium, HasteUoy C, or possibly a chemically resistant, glass-reiaforced polyester. Threaded pipe joHits should be assembled with Teflon tape. Hoses should be constmcted with a Teflon inner lining with the outer tube constmcted of Neoprene or braided 316 stainless steel protected by an adequate thickness of Teflon. Sulfur dichloride should be stored away from heat and away from dHect rays of the sum. Toluene and sulfur dichloride react exothermically when catalyzed by Hon or ferric chloride. Safety precautions should be foUowed when such a mixture is present (165). 

Oleum Equipment ndPiping. The traditional material of constmction for oleum is carbon steel. Relatively low oleum velocities must be used in steel piping to prevent excessive corrosion. The corrosiveness of oleum decreases with increasing SO concentration. Eor oleum concentrations <5% SO, carbon steel is not recommended because of excessive corrosion. Steel is borderline from 5% to about 15% SO, depending on temperature. 

Carbon steel is not normally a suitable piping material for concentrated sulfuric acid because of high corrosion rates in flowing acid. However, where temperatures and flow rates are low, heavy waU steel pipe is sometimes used for transferring product acid. 

Methyl bromide, when dry (<100 ppm water), is inert toward most materials of constmction. Carbon steel is recommended for storage vessels, piping, pumps, valves, and fittings. Copper, brass, nickel, and its alloys are sometimes used. Aluminum, magnesium, zinc, and alloys of these metals should not be used because under some conditions dangerous pyrophoric compounds may be formed. Many nonmetallic materials are also useful for handling methyl bromide, but nylon and polyvinyl chloride should be avoided. 

Chlorosulfuric acid attacks brass, bronze, lead, and most other nonferrous metals. From a corrosion standpoint, carbon steel and cast Hon are acceptable below 35°C provided color and Hon content is not a concern. Stainless steels (300-series) and certain aluminum alloys are acceptable materials of constmction, as is HasteUoy. Glass, glass-lined steel, or Teflon-lined piping and equipment are the preferred materials at elevated temperatures and/or high velocities or where trace Hon contamination is a problem, such as in the synthetic detergent industry. 

Figure 9-42 is a plot of the number of labor-hours of field erec tion time per joint against the nominal pipe size of shop-fabricated carbon steel and low-alloy pipe. The unit of work measurement used in this... 

Metalhc Pipe Systems Carbon Steel and Stainless Steel. 10-70... 

Lined pipe collapsed at gasket area or ID due to buildup of corrosion products between liner and carbon-steel pipe. 

METALLIC PIPE SYSTEMS CARBON STEEL AND STAINLESS STEEL... 

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