Pin-on-disk test

Table 11 gives Older of magnitude wear rates for high temperature materials sliding against themselves in pin-on-disk tests (30). 

Typical industrial plastic selection criteria have focused on pin-on-disk tests (involving plastic sliding over steel) and sand slurry abrasion tests. The CMP environment, however, is very different from these typical industrial tests. In CMP, the retaining ring plastic is subjected to a plastic-to-plastic adhesive force component involving the polyurethane pad, chemical attack from the chemicals in the slurry, as well as an abrasive component associated with slurry particles. 

A novel method is the small punch analysis, or pin on disk test, which is used to evaluate the weight loss of friction material. It is performed with a metallic pin in friction contact on a sample (small disk) the pin, moving cyclically, yields a stress-strain curve related to the specimen wear. This test is generally performed on retrieved, or aged, UHMWPE components. 

L-P106, LB102, LB106, and L-T102 were studied as 1 wt.% additives of PGDO in pin-on-disk tests for AISI 52100 steel/ASTM 2011 Al contacts at 25°C and 100°C... 

Pin-on-disk tests for neat PA6 and for PA6+3 wt.% IL blend disks were carried out against AISI 52100 steel pins at varying temperatures (-35,25, and 67°C) [51]. The results showed that PA6+3% IL produced low constant friction values under the entire range of temperatures, so the addition of IL reduced the influence of temperature on the tribological properties of PA6. This was attributed to the formation of stable adsorbed layers of highly polar IL molecules on the steel surface. 

A wide variety of analogous experiments with different conditions of pressure, velocities, surface characteristics, and temperature are required to fully characterize the friction phenomenon at variable sliding speeds. Various research techniques are available for the study of dynamic friction such as pressure-shear plate impact frictional experiments, Split-Hopkinson bar method, pin-on-disk tests, and others, ranging from quasistatic conditions to very low sliding velocities. At low velocities (Vc < 1 m/s), for steel-on-steel non-lubricated contact of sliding surfaces, the friction coefficient demonstrates a strong... 

Ti6A14V alloy probes, modified by surface radiation, have been subjected to tribological Pin on Disc tests with the aim to exposure the samples to wear conditions. A Microtest Mt60 NI tribometer has been used to perform Pin on Disk tests, Table 2. In this case, tungsten carbide (WC-Co) spheres have been used as Pin, in order to have a first approach to the friction problems [12-14]. 

Table lc.41 Influence of the surface treatment on the wear behaviour of Ti6A17Nb as a result of a pin-on-disk test (Ref. 46)... 

FIGURE 9.1.11 Normalized strength of a monolithic SiC and a whisker-reinforced SiC after pin-on-disk test (four-point bending strength after pin-on-disk test was normalized by the initial four-point bending strength). 

Wear maps present in graphical form the predominant wear mechanism as a function of selected system variables, usually written in dimensionless form in order to minimize their number. Figure 10.21 presents a wear map, for pin-on-disk tests of non-lubricated steel to steel contacts. The abscissa shows the dimensionless sliding velocity v i, and the ordinate gives the dimensionless normal force F. These two parameters correspond, respectively, to the two following definitions ... 

Lack of a standard test means that it is difficult to compare data from different suppliers. The lack of a standard test also leads to a potential problem with system differences. If a published PV limit was determined on a continuous motion pin-on-disk test, these data may not be applicable to a bearing application, where the wear ddnis is maintained in the system. Obviously, data generated at a sliding speed of 100 and an apparent possure of 100 (PV -10,000 in arbitrary units) does not mean that the material will work in a bearing with a pressure of one and a... 

The pin-on-disk test (13) is not a standard for plastic wear testing, but it is the only wear test apparatus t many laboratories have and thus it will be used for plastic, metal, ceramic, etc. It works quite well if this tribosystem simulates the real-life tribosystem of interest. The rider in the pin-on-disk test is usually a ball or a hemispherical-ended pin. Flat-ended pins are used, but they often hydroplane and do not wear flat. Plastic testing laboratories often have molds for flex bw and tensile samples. Ball cavities can easily be put in these same molds to provide molded spheres as riders for a pin-on-disk test. The disk can be made from any counterface of interest. It is particularly easy to measure wear volume from spherical surfaces. A simple calculation using the diameter of the flat worn on the sphere will produce a wear volume measurement that is usually more accurate that can be obtained by mass change measures. This te excels for simulating tribosystems that involve very small normal forces on the plastic member. 

Right wear factors obtained in a pin-on-disk test... 

Figure 9.12 Wear rate versus mean pressure by pin-on-disk test of LyondellBasell Industries polyolefins Lupolen PE [4],...

Fig. 8.2 Elasticity and mechanical strength of nitride films, a GaAIN/Al203 exhibits 100 % elastic recovery under 0.7 mN indentation load, while amorphous carbon shows 65 % elastic recovery under the same scale of load, b TiCrN skin is twice harder than the bulk because of surface bond contraction. The abrupt increase of the Motion coefficient for c C nitride and d Ti nitride in the pin-on-disk test of sliding Mction [14] exhibits the critical load that breaks the surface bond. Diamond thin films show no abruptness of the coefficient at even higher loads (reprint with permission Ifom [14])...

FIGURE 26.1 The AMTI OrthoPOD. An example of a six-station computer controlled pin-on-disk test machine, programmable for two dimensional paths, environmentally controlled specimen chambers and with friction force measuring capability. This machine has variable dynamic compressive force and planetary gear pin rotations over a rotating disc platform with six specimen disk holders. Both motions are servo motor controlled and programmable for any two-dimensional paths, with frictional measuring capability. 

In this study, the tribological behaviour of the HTOZ-on-UHMWPE sliding pair for cementless knee joint prostheses was evaluated using unidirectional pin-on-disk tests and multidirectional pin-on-plate tests. Results were compared to the friction and wear properties of the TZP-on-UHMWPE sliding pair and the effects of the altered surface characteristics were examined. 

Friction characteristics of the HTOZ-on-UHMWPE sliding pairs were evaluated in unidirectional sliding tests using a two-channel pin-on-disk test apparatus [9]. Cylindrical UHMWPE pin specimens were fixed to the loading shafts and articulated under unidirectional motion against disk specimens, which were installed in the liquid baths and rotated by ring-cone motor. 

Fig. 6 Tribological parameters and surface polarity of PA6 and PA66 after electron beam irradiation matching/combination PA6/steel and PA66/steel, pin-on-disk test parameters T = lOO C, v = 0,5 tn/s, p = 4 N/mm ...

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