Pilot plant, schematic

You have available in your pilot plant a small recycle reactor whose flow pattern may be represented schematically by the following diagram. 

Figure 11.1 Batch reactors (a) schematic representation showing some features (b) pilot plant reactor for production of sodium aluminosilicate (Courtesy of National Silicates Ltd.)...

By using manipulators, as shown schematically in Fig. 2.41, certain vials can be closed and left in their position or be removed from the plant by a lock. In a plant without a manipulator it is not possible to close vials after venting the plant for a short time, because during MD the product will collapse or melt and during SD the continuation of the drying will be different, (gas has been absorbed by the solids). Figure 2.42 shows a pilot plant with a manipulator. 

Figure 1.5. (a) Schematic of spray forming process (b) a pilot-plant scale facility for spray forming at University of Bremen, Germany. Top top view. Bottom side view (Courtesy of Prof. Dr.-Ing. Klaus Bauckhage at University of Bremen, Germany.)... 

On the basis of the development work undertaken by BP Chemicals in Hull and research performed at Chalmers University in Gotenborg, Sweden, and the USDA Forest Products Laboratory in Madison, Wisconsin, USA, a fibre acetylation pilot plant was commissioned in 2000 at Kvarntorp in Sweden. The plant has a capacity of 4000 tonnes of acetylated fibre per year (Simonson and Rowell, 2000). The process and plant are jointly owned by A-Cell Acetyl Cellulosics AB and GEA Evaporation Technology AB. A schematic of this process is shown in Eigure 8.5. 

Fig. 8.10 Schematic diagram of PV-electrolysis system pilot plant [88-90],...

Figure 1 is a schematic representation of the wet oxidation micro-pilot plant. The system consists of three sections, an electrically heated oxidation vessel, a high pressure solvent delivery system, and a water cooled depressurization and collection chamber. A more detailed description of the pilot plant can be found in previous publications (3,4). 

Fig. 2. Schematic view of the Soultz-sous-Forets scientific pilot plant (from Document GEIF. EMC /AG).

In 1944 a fluid catalyst pilot plant was erected and operated at the Olean laboratory. A schematic flow diagram of the unit is shown in Figure 1. The unit operated well from the beginning. The conversion of jeactants exceeded that achieved by the Germans even at space velocities 10 to 20 times those used in Europe. Also, iron catalysts were developed which gave oil yields comparable with those obtained by fixed-bed operations. Typical results from these early experiments are shown in Table I. A discussion of the conditions for the different runs is given in subsequent paragraphs. 

In the open literature (Ref 17) is briefly described a continuous, remotely controlled, method of mixing ingredients for composite proplnts, which was recently developed at the US Naval Propellant Plant, Indian Head, Maryland. The pilot plant installation at Indian Head, represented schematically in Fig, consists of a mixer B (which is a long cylindrical vessel in which a porous pipe C is inserted) a tube A for introducing into the mixer the solid and liq ingredients and a series of manifolds, M, serving for injection of air thru the pores in C... 

The pilot plant, shown schematically in Figure 2.58, permits the product to... 

The experiments were carried out in a versatile pilot plant (Separex, France). A schematic diagram of the apparatus is shown in Fig. 1. Carbon dioxide is cooled and stored in a liquid CO2 storage tank (2). It can be circulated at a maximum flow of 25kgh 1 by a membrane pump (Lewa, Germany)... 

Another type of gas exchange process, developed to the pilot plant stage, is separation of gaseous olefin/paraffin mixtures by absorption of the olefin into silver nitrate solution. This process is related to the separation of olefin/paraffin mixtures by facilitated transport membranes described in Chapter 11. A membrane contactor provides a gas-liquid interface for gas absorption to take place a flow schematic of the process is shown in Figure 13.11 [28,29], The olefin/paraffin gas mixture is circulated on the outside of a hollow fiber membrane contactor, while a 1-5 M silver nitrate solution is circulated countercurrently down the fiber bores. Hydrophilic hollow fiber membranes, which are wetted by the aqueous silver nitrate solution, are used. 

Shell Canada s Oakville Research Centre has had a riser pilot plant in operation for about ten years. A series of modifications have been made to the unit over the years in order to improve its ability to process heavier feedstocks. In spite of a rather low feedrate of 0.52 g/s (approximately 0.3 B/D), poorer quality feedstocks have been processed than those described above. To date, feedstocks with Conradson carbon contents up to 9.9%w and viscosities up to 120 cSt at 100 C have been successfully run in the ORC pilot plant. Operating experience with the pilot plant is summarized in Table I, and a schematic is shown in Figure 2. 

Figure 2 Schematic representation of the Eva I-Adam I pilot plant details of heat exchangers, etc., are omitted for clarity (Reproduced by permission homAppl. Catal, 1981,1, 130)...

Equipment and Procedure. The fixed bed reactor pilot plant is shown schematically in Figure 1. The reactor was operated as a continuous fixed bed reactor, with recycle of the hydrogen. 

Pilot Plant. A schematic of the pilot plant is shown in Figure 1. In a first reactor the nylon salt is dissolved in water. The hot solution is transferred to Reactor 2. Here the polycondensation is performed to the desired degree. The final viscosity of the melt is in the range of 100,000 poises at 250°C. The hot melt is removed from the reactor, chilled, and pelletized. The molecular weight of the commercial product is around 20,000. 

A schematic flow sheet of the pilot plant used for the investigations is shown in Figure 8. The de- Fig.8 Schematic flow sheet of the... 

A schematic drawing of the machine is shown in Figure 5. Besides the impregnation of textiles with dyestuffs or other soluble components in supercritical CO2 the UHDE pilot plant can also be used for the extraction of substances from the fibers (e.g. spinning additives, preparation agents, lubricants, coning oils etc.). 

Figure 5. Schematic drawing of the UHDE supercritical dyeing pilot-plant.

Figure 6.25 (a) Flow scheme of the continuous production of fuels from waste plastics (b) schematic diagram of the pyrolytic reactor used in the pilot plant. (Reproduced with permission from Elsevier)... 

Fig. 7. Schematic digram for radstion-induced copolymerization pilot plant (Stahel et ct- 1979 reproduced with permisaon cf Journal of Applied Polymer Science.)...

A schematic diagram of this pilot plant, which has a nominal capacity of 0.3 MWti, is shown in Figure 3 and technical and operational data are summarised in table 4. 

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