Phosphate Ore Flotation

A small amount of ammonia is used as a modifying reagent in the froth flotation of phosphate ores. 

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Mining. Numerous patents have advocated the use of alkanolamines in mining appHcations. Triethanolarnine has been used as a depressent in the flotation of copper (164), in the electrotwinning of gold (165), and as an aid in the froth flotation of nickel ores. Phosphate ore flotation has been improved through the use of a fatty acid condensate with ethanolamine (166). Beneficiation of tin ore has been accompHshed using fatty acid alkanolamides (167). 

Uses Disinfectant phenolic resins tricresyl phosphate ore flotation textile scouring agent organic intermediate manufacturing salicylaldehyde, coumarin, and herbicides surfactant synthetic food flavors para isomer only) food antioxidant dye, perfume, plastics, and resins manufacturing. 

Use Disinfectant, phenolic resins, tricresyl phosphate, ore flotation, textile scouring agent, organic intermediate, manufacture of salicylaldehyde, cou-marin, and herbicides, surfactant, synthetic food flavors (para isomer only). 

NFPA Health 3, Flammability 2, Reactivity 0 Storage Air and light-sensitive Uses Disinfectant solvent phenolic resins tricresyl phosphate ore flotation textile scouring organic intermediate mfg. of salicylaldehyde, coumarin, herbicides, antioxidants, dyes cosmetics ingred. surfactant... 

Nonsulfide Ore Flotation. Nonsulfide minerals recovered by flotation include native elements such as graphite, diamonds, copper, gold, and numerous oxides as well as salts such as carbonates, phosphates, tungstates, and the like. Examples of value-bearing nonsulfide, noncoal minerals include... 

Depressants are used to make materials less floatable, and again have been used for some time.4,18 A recent example is the use of phosphoric acid to depress the flotation of a sedimentary phosphate ore, enhancing the selectivity of recovery of calcite and silica.24 Natural and synthetic polymers have also been used as depressants.20... 

Cationic surfactants have applications such as inhibiting the growth of bacteria, inhibiting corrosion, separating phosphate ore from silica and potassium chloride from sodium chloride (flotation agents), and they serve well as fabric softeners, antistatic agents, and hair conditioners. 

Hanna, H. S. Contribution to the Flotation of Phosphate Ores. Ph. D. Thesis, Ain Shams Univ. Cairo 1968... 

Van Kauwenberg3 has described the mineralogy and alteration of phosphate ores in Florida. Mineralogical composition varies by particle size. Francolite and then quartz are the most abundant minerals for plus 20-mesh particles (pebble), while the reverse is true for particles in the 20-200-mesh fraction (flotation feed). In the minus 200-mesh size fraction (clay waste) quartz, francolite, wavellite, crandallite, goethite, dolomite, and a variety... 

The magmatic deposits (Kola Russia, Phalaborwa South Africa) are extracted in open cast mines or underground mines. They have a high phosphate content and are free of organic impurities. The phosphate ore is extracted together with gangue, which is separated by flotation. 

Froth flotation is used to raise the low mineral concentrations in ores to concentrations that can be more economically processed. A concentration of 25-30% is suitable for economical smelting of copper. The froth flotation technique was originally developed in about 1910 to raise the copper concentrations of the strip-mined ores of Bingham Canyon, near Salt Lake City [9], and was further perfected for the differential separation of lead, zinc, and iron sulfides at Trail, B.C., at about the same time [10]. Flotation technologies are now widely used for separations such as the beneficiation of low grade Florida phosphate ores from 30-40% to 60-70% concentrations of calcium phosphate (BPL), and the separation of about 98% potassium chloride from sylvinite, a natural mixture of potassium and sodium chlorides. It is also used for bitumen separation from tar sand, removal of slate from coal, and removal of ink from repulped paper stock preparatory to the manufacture of recycled paper stock. More details of these separations are discussed in the relevant chapters. 

MAJOR USES Laboratory reagent solvent for wire enamels ore flotation agent disinfectant preservative intermediate for cresol phosphates, phenolic resins, tricresylphosphate, cleaning compounds used in lube oil refining and additives carbon removal from engines. 

Several treatmente have been proposed for the removal of free carbonates from phosphate ores includr ing flotation [19,20], acid washing [21], calcination [22], magnetic separation [23], and heavy media separation [19], Heavy media separation can be utilized wAien the phosphate grains are liberated from the associated gar ue minerals at relatively coarse dzes. Magnetic separation may be possible when the carbonates are contaminated with iron oxides. 

Botation of calcareous and dolomitic phosphate ores seems to be the most economically viable technical alternative. However, selective flotation of carbonates from phosphate is rather difficult due to the similarity in the physico-chemical properties of carbonate and phosphate minerals. Carbonatc/phosphate separation by flotation is commercially used in Finland and Braal to treat igneous phosphate ores. 

Despite the fact that significant research has been conducted on the selective flotation of carbonate-con-tainir phosphate ores, carbonate flotation has not been commercially adopted for the treatment of sedimentary... 

Houot, R., and J. L. Polgaire. 1980. Inverse Flotation Beneficiation of Phosphate Ores, IN Proceedings of the 2nd International Congress on Phosphorus Compounds, pp. 231-246, Institut Mondial du Phosphate QMPHOS), Paris, France. 

The amidoamines possess reactive amine sites that allow for the cross-finking of epoxy resins in coatings, adhesives, and other applications. They are also used in asphalt to improve performance in road surfacing. Amidoamines and substituted imidazolines, prepared by the reaction of DETA or TETA with TOFA or crude tall oil, find use as corrosion inhibitors in petroleum production operations. Amidoamines have also been used in the processing of minerals. In the mining industry, the reaction product of tall oil fatty acids and DETA can be used to separate silica firom phosphate ore by flotation... 

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