Phenyl Succinic Acid

Table 2. Relationship between absolute configuration of the asymmetric carbon atoms present in the initiator or catalyst and absolute configuration of the asymmetric carbon atom of the methyl (or phenyl) succinic acid obtained by ozonolysis of poly-methyl-sorbate, poly-butyl-sorbate,... 

It is conveniently prepared by the interaction of 2-methyl-2-phenyl succinic acid with excess of 40% methylamine. The exeess of amine and water are distilled off under reduced pressure. The residue containing the dimethylamine salt of the acid is pyrolyzed at 250°C imtil no more distillate is obtained. The crude produet is dissolved in an appropriate solvent, treated with activated charcoal and finally precipitated by the addition of water. 

The independence of optical rotation of polymer from molecular weight proved the occurrence of asymmetric growth, but in order to determine the extent of asymmetric induction it was necessary to know polymer enantiomeric purity. No detailed investigations have been carried out however, polysorbates and polystyrylacrylate were submitted to oxidative degradation to obtain a conclusive proof of asymmetric induction. Methyl- and phenyl-succinic acid were respectively obtained with optical purity up to 6%... 

The reaction of cycloheptanone with hexamethylphosphoramide gives (325) in low yield condensations of the ketone with 6-amino-2,4,5-triphenyl-resorcinol to give (326) and with the dianion of methyl- or phenyl-succinic acid monoesters to give (327 R = H or Me) are reported. 

The pronounced influence of the phenyl group on optical activity led Fredga and Palm" to initiate an investigation on the optical activity of thiophene derivatives, in order to use this physical property for the elucidation of the aromatic character of thiophene. 2-(27) and 3-Thenylsuccinic acid (28), 2- (29) and 3-thienyl-succinic acid (30), 2- (31) and 3-thienylglycolic acid (32), 2-(33) and 3-a-methoxythienylacetie acid (34), -phenyl 2-thienyl-glycolic acid (35), -(2-thienyl)-y5-phenylpropionic acid (36), a-phenyl- -(2-thienyl) propionic acid (37), a,/ -di (2-thienyl)propionic acid (38) have been resolved into antipodes with the help of optically active bases. 

Eriobotrya japonica Linkdl. Pi Pa Yie (Loquat) (leaf, flower, fruit) Levulose, sucrose, malic acid, citric acid, tartaric acid, succinic acid, amygdalin, crytoxanthin, carotenes, phenyl ethyl alcohol pentosans, essential oils.50 Antitussive, expectorant, treat bronchitis, cough, fever, nausea, externally applied to epistaxis, smallpox, ulcers. 

Process chemists studied an approach to 8 using the readily available indan-1-one-3-carboxylic acid 20 prepared from phenyl succinic anhydride via Friedel-Crafts closure (Scheme 6). After esterification (yielding 21), homologation of the carbonyl via aminomethylation proceeded in high efficiency to give 25. In the presence of... 

It appears that the CHOH-COOH group, or the CO-COOH group, promotes adsorption on the lactic acid centre, while the CH2-COOH group favours adsorption on the succinic acid centre. An exception was found in mesotartaric acid, HOOC CHOH CHOH-COOH, which seems to be adsorbed on both centres and the phenyl propionic acid had some tendency to be adsorbed on the lactic acid centre also. 

The reagent of choice for the oxidation of phenyl groups to carboxyls seems to be ruthenium tetroxide with sodium periodate [231, 941] or sodium hypochlorite [701] as reoxidants. Phenylcyclohexane is oxidized to cyclohexanecarboxylic acid (equation 156) [774, 941], and -phenylpro-pionic acid is transformed mainly into succinic acid (equation 157) [701]. 

A mixture of 36.2 g. of 3,4-dihydroxybenzyl methyl ketone oxime. 3.7 g. of platinum oxide, 19.5 mL. of concentrated hydrochloric acid and 750 mL. of butanol is hydrogenated at room temperature until no more hydrogen is absorbed. The mixture is made neutral by the addition of sodium bicarbonate, and about 150 g. of sodium sulphate are added and the mixture is filtered. To the filtrate, a solution of 11.5 g. of succinic-acid in 100 mL. of butanol are added, the solution is concentrated to a volume of about 100 mL. and cooled. The succinate of 1-(3,4-dihydroxy-phenyl)-2-hydroxaminopropane precipitates and is collected and dried. Yield 27 g., m.p. 157—159°C. 

The phenyl group appears to be essential, since succinic acid and ethylsuccinic acid are not attacked by the reagent. 

Sommelet reaction, 33, 93 Sorbic acid, 5-hydroxy-/3-methyl, J-lactone, 32, 57 Stannic chloride, 33, 91 Stearic acid, 34, 15 Stearone, 33, 84 cis-Stilbene, 33, 88 fraws-Stilbene, 33, 89 Stirrer, for caustic fusion, 30, 104, 105 seal for, 30, 54 Stobbe condensation, 30, 18 Styrene, 33, 72 34, 85 reaction with sulfuric acid, 35, 83 Styrene dibromide, 30, 73 Styrene oxide, 31, 3 0-Styrenesulfonyl chloride, 34, 85 Succinic acid, 34, 44 Succinic acid, < -benzhydrylidene-, a-ETHYL ESTER, 30, 18 CLNNAMYL-, 31, 85 DIPHENYL ESTER, 34, 44 HEPTANOYL-, DIETHYL ESTER, 34, 51 PHENYL-, 30, 83 Succinic anhydride, 34, 40 SUCCINONITRILE, a, -DIPHENYL-, 32, 63 Sulfide, methyl 2-thienyl, 35, 85 Sulfonation of styrene, 34, 85 Sulfonyl chloride, from sodium sulfonate, 34, 85... 

In a similar manner the other amino acids react tyrosine, j3-p-hydroxy-phenyl-a-amino-butyric acid yielding p-hydroxy-phenyl-ethyl alcohol, tyrosol while phenyl-alanine, a-amino-j8-phenyl-propionic acid, yields phenyl-ethyl alcohol. Succinic acid, for example, which is of usual occurrence in fermented liquors is probably formed by a similar reaction from glutamic acid with the additional step of oxidation in the process. 

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