Dinitro phenol

Mixture in Equimolecular Proportions of— Trinitro-phenol Nitro-naphthalene -Trinitro-phenol Dinitro-toluene Trinitro-phenol Trinitro-cresol... 

Nitration using this reagent was first investigated, by Francis. He showed that benzene and some of its homologues bromobenzene, benzonitrile, benzoyl chloride, benzaldehyde and some related compounds, and phenol were mono-nitrated in solutions of benzoyl nitrate in carbon tetrachloride anilines would not react cleanly and a series of naphthols yielded dinitro compounds. Further work on the orientation of substitution associated this reagent with higher proportions of o-substitution than that brought about by nitric acid this point is discussed below ( 5.3.4). 

Alkylphenols, ammonia, asbestos, chlorinated paraffins, 4-chloroaniline, cyanide, detergents, di- -butyl phthalate, polyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs e.g. anthracene, benzopyrene, methylcholanthrene, /i-naphthoflavone), nitrate, nitrite, petroleum oil, phenol, pentachlorophenol, 4-nitrophenol, dinitro-o-cresol, polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs especially coplanar), polychlorinated dioxins, polybrominated naphthalenes, /i-sitosterol, sulfide, thiourea, urea, acid water, coal dust... 

Copper fulminate Potassium-3,5-dinitro-2(l -tetrazenyl) phenolate... 

Phenols Apply sample solution and spray with saturated sodium methylate solution and then treat with 4% 2,4-dinitrofluorobenzene in acetone and heat to 190°C for 40 min. Chromatograph the dinitro-phenyl ethers so produced. [79]... 

Phenolic aldehydes Apply sample solution and then acidic 2,4-dinitro-phenylhydrazine solution, allow to react, dry and develop [15]... 

Dinitrophenols. (02N)2.C6H3 -OH, mw 184.11, N 15.22%, OB to COj —78.30%. Six isomers are possible, and all are expl. The most important one is 2,4-Dinitrophenol, which has been used as a component of various expl mixts. The expl properties of 2,5- and 2,6-Dinitro-phenol have also been examined... 

N 21.95%, OB to CO 2 —7.52%, yel crysts from chlf, mp 190° (decompn). Was prepd by Blanksma (Ref 2), who nitrated 3,5-dinitro-phenol with an anhydr mixt of nitric-sulfuric acids. The product was pptd and recrystd from chlf. It is a powerful expl Refs 1) Beil 6,293 [284] 2) J. J. Blanksma,... 

Dinitrophenolsulfonic Acid f(4,6-Dinitro-phenolsulfonsaure- 2 in GerJ. Yellowish crysts. It is obtained during the prepn of PA by the sulfonation and nitration of phenol. Forms various metallic salts, such as those of Ba and K (Ref 3)... 

Recent examples of this synthesis are of two types. The first involves condensation of the activated phenol, 2-amino-4,6-dinitrophenol (346a) with 2-dimethyl-amino-3,3-dimethyl-3//-azirine (346b) (in MeCN, 0°C- 20°C, A, 24 h) to afford a separable mixture of four products, one of which was 2-dimethylamino-3,3-dimethyl-5,7-dinitro-3,4-dihydroquinoxaline (346c) ( 20% yield) and another its hydrolysis product, 3,3-dimethyl-5,7-dinitro-3,4-dihydro-2(l//)-quinoxalinone (346d) ( 8%) the mechanism of such condensations has been discussed. ... 

Lenke H, H-J Knackmuss (1996) Initial hydrogenation and extensive reduction of substituted 2,4-dinitro-phenols. Appl Environ Microbiol 62 784-790. 

Phenol B.P. M.P. Bromo Com- pound Acetate Benzoate />-Nltro- benzoate 3 5 Dl-nltro-benzoate Aryloxy- acetlc Add JVJV-Di-phenyl-carhamate jv-a- naphthyl- carba- mate /kToIu- enesul- phonate 2 4- Dinitro- phenyl Ether... 

At first we determined, by means of the DVP method, ifTMAX of 2,4-dinitro-phenolate, 2,5-dinitrophenol picrate, acetate and benzoate, which lay between 10 3 and 10 5. Next, separate potentiometric titrations of 2,5-dinitrophenol and picric acid were carried out on the basis of the previously known (see above) ptfax = 6.5 and P hx2- = 100 for 2,5-dinitrophenol and p.fiTHX = 3.0 for picric acid, we calculated titration curves for estimated values of 0 and obtained, for the best fit between the experimental and calculated curves, K o = 10 21 for both 2,5-dinitrophenol and picric acid. In both instances changing fTMA0H for 1 to 10 6 did not alter the calculated titration curve. Finally, for potentiometric titrations of other acids with TMAOH while using / TMAX values from DVP results, in addition to Kn 0 = 10 21, we obtained the best fit between the experimental and calculated curves again when pifbenzoic acid = 1 (see Fig. 4.12)... 

Central nervous system Nicotine, strychnine, arsenic, halogenated hydrocarbons, organic phosphates, dinitro-phenols, fluoroacetate (1080)... 

Dinitrophenol 4,6 -Dinitro-o -cresol V-Nitrosodimethylamine V-Nitrosodiphenylamine V-Nitrosodi-n-propylamine Pentachlorophenol Phenol... 

Potassium-3,5-dinitro-2( 1 -tetrazenyl) phenolate Potassium trinitromethanide ( Nitroform salt) Sodium 5-dinitromethyltetrazolide Tetranitromethane Trichloronitromethane (chloropicrin)... 

The reaction of l-(2-pyridyl)-3,5-dinitro-2-pyridone 14 with ethyl sodio acetoacetate or diethyl sodio acetone-dicarboxylate gave a mixture of N-(2-pyridyl)nitroacetamide 15, phenol derivatives 16, and a low yield of 2-oxo-2,5-dihydropyrido[1,2-b [ 1,2,4]triazine 4-oxide 17 (79TL1393). The mechanism of the reaction is shown in Scheme 5. 

Amino acids Solvent extraction of 2,4-dinitro phenol AAS and TLC [267]... 

Titanium ions can also he used as redox catalysts for the indirect cathodic reduction of nitro compounds (417). The electroreduction is carried out in an H20-H2S04/Ti(S04)2-(Pb/Cu) system at 45 80°C under 5 20Am . Nitrobenzene, dinitrobenzene, nitrotoluene, 2,4-dinitrotoluene, 2-nitro-m-xylene, nitro-phenol, 2,4-dinitrophenol, nitrophenetole, o-nitroanisole, 4-nitrochlorotoluene, ni-trobenzenesulfonic acid, and 4,4 -dinitro-stilbene-2,2 -disulfonic acid can all be reduced by this procedure to the corresponding amino compounds (418) in good yields (Scheme 146) [513-516]. Tin... 

Titanium dioxide suspended in an aqueous solution and irradiated with UV light X = 365 nm) converted benzene to carbon dioxide at a significant rate (Matthews, 1986). Irradiation of benzene in an aqueous solution yields mucondialdehyde. Photolysis of benzene vapor at 1849-2000 A yields ethylene, hydrogen, methane, ethane, toluene, and a polymer resembling cuprene. Other photolysis products reported under different conditions include fulvene, acetylene, substituted trienes (Howard, 1990), phenol, 2-nitrophenol, 4-nitrophenol, 2,4-dinitrophenol, 2,6-dinitro-phenol, nitrobenzene, formic acid, and peroxyacetyl nitrate (Calvert and Pitts, 1966). Under atmospheric conditions, the gas-phase reaction with OH radicals and nitrogen oxides resulted in the formation of phenol and nitrobenzene (Atkinson, 1990). Schwarz and Wasik (1976) reported a fluorescence quantum yield of 5.3 x 10" for benzene in water. 

Spiropyran merocyanine specffa shift markedly to the blue as the solvent polarity increases [4,25], as shown in Fig. 7a for 6,8-dinitro-BIPS merocyanine. This is generally accepted to imply that they have a zwitterionic character caused by the donation of electron density from the indoline nitrogen to the phenolic C9 oxygen [4,25]. The rational behind this assignment to the zwitterion is based simply on the fact that if the zwitterion is in the highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) state, then the corresponding quinoidal resonant form is in the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) state and changing the solvent to a more polar one... 

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