Pfizer market

Macugen Pegaptanib sodium Eyetech Pharmaceuticals/Pfizer Marketed product Exudative AMD Intravitreal injection... 

The development of a new drug is both a time-consuming and a cost-intensive process. It takes 12 to 15 years and costs up to 800 million to bring a new drug to the market. As measured by the market capitalization, the pharmaceutical companies play a pivotal role in the global economy. In February 2003 Pfizer was ranked at position five worldwide, with a market capitalization of 163 billion. Ranking third as far as the market capitalization in Europe is concerned was GlaxoSmithKline, with a current value of 101 billion. Novartis was number five in Europe with 82 billion. 

Data for the production and sales of maleic anhydride and fumaric acid ia the United States between 1979 and 1992 are shown ia Table 5. Production of maleic anhydride during this time grew - 2% on average per year. Production of fumaric acid has declined during the same period as customers have switched to the less cosdy maleic anhydride when possible. All production of maleic anhydride in the United States in 1992 was from butane-based plants which used fixed-bed reactor technology as shown in Table 6. The number of fumaric acid producers has been reduced considerably since the early 1980s with only two producers left in the United States in 1992 as shown in Table 6. Pfizer shut down its fumaric acid plant at the end of 1993. However, Bartek of Canada will start up an expanded fumaric acid faciUty to supply the North American market for both their own and Huntsman s requirements. 

Other Pharmaceuticals. Other pharmaceutical products incorporating the thiophene ring include the antiasthmatic dmg Ketotifen [34580-13-7] (Sandoz) (53), which is particularly marketed in Japan. The antifungal dmg Tioconazole [65899-73-2] (Pfizer) (54) is based on... 

Procardia XL. Procardia XL extended-release capsules, marketed by Pfizer Labs Division of Pfizer, Inc., contain nifedipine [21829-25-4] a calcium channel blocker of mol wt 346.3. The extended release tablet is formulated as a once-a-day controlled release capsule for oral adrninistration dehvering either 30, 60, or 90 mg nifedipine. Procardia XL is indicated for use in the management of vasospastic angina, chronic stable angina, and hypertension (see Cardiovascularagents). 

Whalen J. A big drug maker moves to play down mass-market pills Roche seeks pricey products in specialties like cancer and rejects megamergers Pfizer s edge in sales muscle. Wall Street Journal, September 20, 2004. 

Pre-approval safety and efficacy clinical studies involved product administration to 2500 adults with either type-1 or -2 diabetes. The primary efficacy parameter measured was glycaemic control (as measured by the reduction from baseline in haemoglobin Ale). Hypoglycaemia was the most commonly reported adverse effect. Trials also showed a greater decline in pulmonary function in the Exubera group, and product should not be administered to patients with underlying lung disease, or to smokers. Exubera was developed by Nektar Inc. and is marketed under licence by Pfizer. 

Initial clinical assessment involved some 1200 wet AMD patients. Although both control and product groups continued to experience vision loss, the rate of vision decline experienced by macugen-treated patients was significantly slower than in the case of control patients. The most frequent/potentially serious side effects noted during these trials were endophthalmitis, retinal detachment, eye inflammation/irritation and blurred vision, although rare cases of anaphylaxis have also been reported. Macugen is marketed by Eyetech Pharmaceuticals and Pfizer. 

Pfizer introduced troglitazone in 1997 and marketed it as Rezulin, an oral treatment for type 2 diabetes. Warner Lambert Co., which was acquired by Pfizer in June 2000, discontinued marketing this drug in March 2000. In January 2003, the company... 

Valdecoxib (Bextra Pfizer), a second COX-2 specific inhibitor NSAID was taken off the market a few months after Vioxx. In addition to a higher risk of serious skin toxicity, pahents given Vioxx after Coronary Bypass Surgery had a higher rate of myocardial infarchons. 

In 2006 the company spent US 7.6 billion on R D and its income for that year was US 48.4 billion. Table 1.7 clearly demonstrates that pharmaceutical companies are heavily research based Pfizer s R D expenditure is head and shoulders above other technology companies with much higher market capitalization. 

The development of pharmacotherapy medications for legal drugs like alcohol and nicotine. Is driven primarily by profit motives. In 2001, Pharmacia (which was acquired by Pfizer In 2003), advised Investors that NIcorette currently controls about half of the worldwide smoking cessation market with sales In 2001 of 299 million, (Pharmacia Corporation 2001 Annual Report, http //media.corporate-ir.net/media fiies/NYS/PHA/reports/ ar2001.pdf), A study completed In 1998, valued the smoking cessation market" at 450 million, and predicted It would reach nearly 1,5 billion by 2007, ( The Market for Smoking Cessation Therapies Will More Than Triple Over the Next Ten Years, (1998, June 10), Press Release, Decision Resources, http //www.forces.org/articies/fiies/pharma.htm)... 

The industrial production of penicillin by Pfizer in 1943 transformed the chemistry of natural products. Microbiology became its field and pharmaceutical research became its leading trend. The main driving force behind the research of the chemistry of natural products was and still remains to be human health care. Since the advent of antibiotics, many sources of natural chemicals, such as plants, fungi and bacteria, have been searched for antibacterials, anticancer products, immuno-suppressors and chemicals that affect the human psyche. This research was so successful that, even today, more than half of all pharmaceuticals are either natural products or derived from, or inspired by them. The market of antibiotics alone was ca. US 30 billion in 2005. The majority of antibiotics is produced by submerged fermentation of filamentous microorganisms such as soil prokaryotic actinomycetes and eukaryotic moulds, ascomycetes. 

Writing, more than any other skill developed as a chemistry student, has enabled me to advance my career — James B. Weissman, Pfizer Pharmaceutical Marketing... 

Quinapril (3, CI-906), marketed by Pfizer under the trade name Accupril , was discovered at Warner-Lambert (Klutchko et al., 1986). Like enalapril, quinapril is a prodrug, and is... 

Norvasc , Pfizer s entry into the crowded CCB market, was launched in 1990. Like most of the more recently launched compounds, this drug also has two different ester substituents and thus is sold as a mixture of isomers. Initial work on the analysis of the two possible isomers suggested that the R isomer 22 was more potent than the corresponding S isomer 23 this suggested that amlodipine differed in this respect from other dihydropyridine CCBs in which the S isomer is usually the more active (Gold-mann and Stoltefuss, 1991). A more recent preparation of the (—)-(15)-camphanic derivatives of amlodipine and the subsequent X-ray of its derivatives clearly showed that it is the S derivative that is more active (Arrowsmith et ak, 1986 Goldmann et al., 1992). 

Oxamniquine was produced by Pfizer on a conunercial scale through the 1970s in their Brazilian plant close to the markets for this drag. It was successful, but did not make big money and is now only produced occasionally as it has become superseded by more effective drags. 

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