Persistent organic pollutants POPs accumulation

Whether offered as flexible sheeting or as a rigid material, such as in shed construction, always seek an alternative to PVC for use in the garden. PVC contains dioxin, a persistent organic pollutant (POP) that accumulates in the food chain and can be released during manufacture and disposal. 

Persistent organic pollutants (POPs) are organochlorine compounds widely used as pesticides and/or industrial chemicals. These chemicals share four common properties highly toxic, persistent, capable of long-range transport and bio-accumulation in the fatty tissues of living... 

Environmental xenobiotic compounds that are both persistent and bio-accumulative have the potential to induce adverse effects on human health. Persistent organic pollutants (POPs) are a group of compounds... 

In different compartments of the environment, sediments accumulate mainly heavy metals and persistent organic pollutants (POPs), which reach aquatic ecosystems from different sources. Metal ions do not remain dissolved in water for long they are liable to be precipitated as a result of oxygenation, the formation of different compounds (carbonates and sulfates), or sorption on mineral surfaces and the organic fraction of sediments.83... 

A number of potentially toxic metals have been reported in breast milk, including Cd, Hg, and Pb. Unlike the persistent organic pollutants (POPs), metals do not bind to the fat, and so they do not usually accumulate at concentrations higher in breast milk than in blood. As a result, infants are likely to be exposed to higher levels of toxic metals before birth than during breastfeeding. Nonetheless, knowledge of concentrations of potentially toxic metals in breast milk is important as an indication of both likely prenatal and postnatal exposure. 

The Stockholm Convention to protect human health and the environment from persistent organic pollutants (POPs) became binding on May 17, 2004. POPs tend to be toxic, persistent, accumulative, and capable of traveling long distances in the environment. This Convention seeks to eliminate or restrict the production and use of such chemicals. The Kyoto Protocol, designed to decrease greenhouse gas emissions, has now become an international law, despite the resistance of several countries. 

Franzaring J, van der Eerden L (2000) Accumulation of airborne persistent organic pollutants (POPs) in plants. Basic Appl Ecol 1 25-30... 

Persistent Organic Pollutants (POPs) and Persistent, Bioaccumulative and Toxic (PBT) substances are carbon-based chemicals that resist degradation in the environment and accumulate in the tissues of living organisms, where they can produce undesirable effects on human health or the environment at certain exposure levels (Pavan Worth, 2006). 

Programs to identify Persistent Organic Pollutants (POPs) and Persistent Bio-accumulative and Toxic (PBT) chemicals are being incorporated into international chemical review programs. Agreements are being made to phase out certain pesticides that meet certain criteria. 

Fish with high fat contents is an important source of long-chain n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) in the human diet, in particular for docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) (EFSA, 2005). On the other side, a wide range of environmental contaminants have been reported to be accumulated in fish that can pose a potential human health hazard (Leonard, 2011). Major contaminations include the different OCPs, PAHs or the widely distributed persistent organic pollutants (POPs) with the polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and the flame retardants compound class of the polybrominated diphenylethers (PBDEs). Also farmed fish can significantly contribute to dietary exposure to various contaminants due to the use of land sourced fish feed. A multi method for efficient control of fish and fish feed for various groups of contaminants from PCBs, OCPs, BFRs (brominated flame retardants) and PAHs is outlined in the following analytical procedure published by Kamila Kalachova et al. (Kalachova et al., 2013). 

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are of great concern, due to their persistence, toxicity and bioaccmnulation. Once occurred in the aquatic system, these compounds tend to bound to partieles because of their hydrophobic nature, and consequently accumulate in sediments. Thereby, sediments act as the important sink of these persistent organic pollutants (POPs), and pose the potential risk to the aquatic system. Coal and coal-derived particles with elevated PAHs coneentrations produced by coal industry can be wild spread in the aquatic system through atmospheric transportation, runoff and flooding etc. Coal and coal-derived particles in natural sediments can act not only as strong sinks for the PAHs, but also as very... 

POPs have been observed to persist in the environment and spread out over long distances. POPs can accumulate in human and animal tissue and become part of the human food chain. POPs have potential significant impacts on human health and the environment. Persistent organic pollutants in the marine environment attach to plastic debris, which then are consumed by marine animals, many of which are in the human food chain. The plastic pellets and fragments can transport toxic substances in the marine environment to animals and ultimately to humans (Rios et al. 2(X)7). 

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