Permits contracts

The unit price contract is a viable alternative to lump sum and permits contracting, and even starting construction work, with minimal engineering. Unit price contracts should be converted to lump sum as soon as possible based on take-offs developed from the final design drawings. 

The rapid rise in cytosolic Ca Induced by nerve stimulation of a skeletal muscle changes the Interaction between actin filaments and tropomyosin, exposing the myosln-blndlng sites and thus permitting contraction to occur (see Figure 19-24). 

Even in the most anisotropic of materials, substantial symmetry exists in Eq. 2, permitting contraction of the subscripts [6] and giving a simpler form for the constitutive equation ... 

Fig. 5.4 The three basic moves permitted to the simplex algorithm (reflection, and its close relation reflect-and-expmd contract in one dimension and contract around the lowest point). (Figure adapted from Press W H, B P Flannery,...

Fretting corrosion (36,37) can lead to high contact resistance of base metal contacts, such as tin plate in electronic connectors. Small cycHcal displacements of the connector halves occur because of external vibration or differential thermal expansion and contraction of the mating contacts. The wear debris that is formed remains in the contact zone. The accumulation of oxide debris in the contact region leads to increased contact resistance. Solutions to this problem are stmctures that do not permit movement of contact surfaces with respect to one another, the use of gold as a contact finish, and the appHcation of thick coatings of contact lubricants and greases, which reduce the rate of wear and restrict access of air to the contact surfaces. 

Quite often problems arise when instruments for normal seiwice are subjected to low temperature use. Since some metals become brittle at low temperatures, the instrument hteraUy falls apart. Elastomeric gaskets and seals contract faster with decreasing temperatures than the surrounding metal parts, and the seal often is lost. Even hermetically sealed instruments can develop pin holes or small cracks to permit ciyogenic liqmds to enter these cases with time. Warming the instrument causes the trapped hquid to vaporize, sometimes generating excessive gas pressure and failure of the case. 

The responsibility for obtaining permits, required filings, and rights to review permits should be noted in the contract. Both parties are expected to be in compliance with all laws and permits applicable to the tolling operation. 

Check whether there is a formal system for waste disposal. Is off-site waste disposal covered by contract or letter of agreement that specifies the mode of disposal, liabilities and responsibilities Is waste disposed on-site covered by permits as required by applicable legislation ... 

A postproject management audit (project audit) is performed to verify that project terms were carried out and that services contracted for were satisfactorily completed. Once these basic objectives have been achieved, it is important that all documents are properly assembled and the project file be closed and stored in a manner permitting rapid reference and retrieval. 

Contract employees must perform their work safely. Considering that contractors often perform very specialized and potentially hazardous tasks, such as confined space entry activities and nonroutine repair activities, their work must be controlled while they are on or near a process covered by PSM. A permit system or work authorization system for these activities is helpful for all affected employers. The use of a work authorization system keeps an employer informed of contract employee activities. Thus, the employer has better coordination and more management control over the work being performed in the process area. 

Permitting only lATF qualified third party auditors who are sponsored by certification bodies contracted to perform ISO/TS 16949 audits... 

Contracts where the customer will only permit trained personnel to operate customer-owned equipment... 

Gas sales contracts for natural gases will limit the concentration of acid compounds. In the United States, typically, gas sates contracts will permit up to 2 to 3% carbon dioxide and 4 grain per 100 scf (approximately 4 ppm) of hydrogen sulfide. The actual requirement for any sales contract nia> vary, depending upon negotiations between seller and purchaser. 

Elimination of one tubesheet reduces initial cost. Tube bundle is removable for inspection and cleaning. Full tube bundle minimizes shell-side bypassing. U-bends permit each tube to expand and contract individually. Tube bundle expansion is independent of shell no expansion diaphragm is required. 

A piping design feature that permits the expansion and contraction of lines to occur without risk of damage to the lines, valves, or other system components. 

As noted in Table 49-3, slow cycling of the crossbridges permits slow prolonged contraction of smooth muscle (eg, in viscera and blood vessels) with less utilization of ATP compared with striated muscle. The ability of smooth muscle to maintain force at reduced velocities of contraction is referred to as the latch state this is an important feamre of smooth muscle, and its precise molecular bases are under smdy. 

The lower esophageal sphincter is a manometrically-defined zone of the distal esophagus with an elevated basal resting pressure. The sphincter is normally in a tonic, contracted state, preventing the reflux of gastric material from the stomach. It relaxes on swallowing to permit the free passage of food into the stomach. 

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