Patient monitoring system

Stewart P, Ezzy J. CPMSPlus, an innovative, web-based patient monitoring system for Clozaril centres. Aust J Hosp Pharm 2001 31 56. 

Figure 3. Patient monitoring system. This apparatus was assembled only to determine the dialyzer UF index, L,. Knowing Lp then allows safe high-flux dialysis without specialized equipment...

A wireless ambulatory ECG-monitoring subsystem as part of a WAP-based patient-monitoring system. 

Main security solutions proposed to address security requirements of patient-monitoring systems reside in the areas of encryption and secure communication. Access-control techniques need to be developed to address the privacy issues in eHealth applications. In particular, procedures for authentication (user identification) and authorization (access right checking) are essential for acceptable and sustainable eHealth applications. The authentication function ensures that users are indeed who they claim to be. Therefore, an unauthorized party should not be able to receive or access a patient s medical data. Various techniques being considered include a combination of different authentication atomics. These atomics include biometric information (fingerprint, retina scan, typing pattern, etc.) and information the user knows (mother s maiden name), user possessions (e.g., smart card identification systems), and may also include current location and/or the end-user terminal identity (media access control [MAC] hardware address) and time of access. 

The wide adoption of smart phones by individuals emphasizes the opportunity mobile devices have through patient oriented applications the full potential is yet to be exploited. There is a need for developing standards so that smart phone applications can be used seamlessly and integrated with EHR and patient monitoring systems. 

Patients receiving systemic treatment should be monitored every 4 hours for resolution of hematuria. Promptly refer to urologist for refractory hematuria. 

Patients should always start with the lowest recommended dose and increase slowly to avoid overdosing. Follow-up with the patient is necessary to evaluate whether the dietary supplement is safe and effective. Report any suspected adverse event to FDA s Medwatch, 1-800-FDA-1088. FDA has developed the Special Nutritionals Adverse Event Monitoring System (SN/AEMS), a database of adverse events associated with the use of special nutritional products dietary supplements, infant formulas, and medical foods. ... 

In addition to glass electrodes [159], the pH sensors incorporated in the catheter for esophageal pH monitoring were reported to be mostly antimony electrodes such as the Slimline from Medtronic Inc. [95, 158, 164], In a recent study, Pandolfino el al. [33] compared the accuracy of the Slimline antimony pH monitoring system to that of a conventional glass electrode catheter pH system during ambulatory conditions in 18 patients. They reported that the antimony electrodes had acceptable performance... 

Neutropenia/Agranulocytosis Neutropenia (less than 1000/mnr ) with myeloid hypoplasia resulted from captopril use. About half of the neutropenic patients developed systemic or oral cavity infections or other features of agranulocytosis. Neutropenia/agranulocytosis has occurred rarely with enalapril or lisinopril and in 1 patient on quinapril. Data are insufficient to show that moexipril, ramipril, quinapril, benazepril, trandolapril, orfosinopril do not cause agranulocytosis at similar rates. Periodically monitor WBC counts. 

Adolescent and elderly patients - Initially, 5 mg 3 times/day increase gradually, if necessary. In elderly patients, monitor the cardiovascular system closely if dose exceeds 20 mg/day. 

Systemic bacterial infections Closely monitor debilitated patients for systemic bacterial infections because of the theoretical possibility that debriding enzymes may increase the risk of bacteremia. 

Supportive treatment is an essential component of the management of the intoxicated patient. Monitoring and assessment of all organ systems in conjunction with the use of appropriate pharmaceutical agents/antidotes increases therapeutic success. The nature of this care will depend on the toxicant in question and the patient s condition upon presentation. 

MedWatch program. The FDA recently established the Special Nutritionals Adverse Event Monitoring System, a searchable database including information about suspected adverse events associated with dietary supplements or nutritional products. This database includes reports that have been submitted to MedWatch and can be accessed via the Internet (http //vm.cfsan.fda.gov/ dms/ aems.html). Continued efforts by health-care professionals to recognize and report suspected interactions between prescription medications and herbal and other alternative therapies should ultimately increase knowledge and awareness of interactions and improve the quality of patient care (see Heck et al., 2000 Izzo, 2004 Butterweck, 2004 Chan, 2005). 

The most desired outcome of a glucose sensor system is to prevent the occurrence of hyper- and hypoglycemia or, at least, reduce the severity of hypoglycemia. For a stand-alone monitor system, all it needs to do is to sound an alarm accurately and in a timely fashion. This, in concept, is an open-loop system. It requires the patient to decide how to manage the monitoring process. In reality, however, this seemingly simple task has been very difficult. Sensitivity and specificity are usually used to evaluate the effectiveness of the alarm methodology as well as the usefulness of the device. 

Gross TM, Bode BW, Einhorn D, Kayne DM, Reed JH, White NH, Mastrototaro JJ. Performance evaluation of the MiniMed continuous glucose monitoring system during patient home use. Diabetes Technology Therapeutics 2000, 2, 49-56. 

Septal ablation related mortality at experienced centers is currently 1% to 2%, similar to that of surgical myectomy (Table 4). Conduction system abnormalities are relatively common complications of septal ablation, Permanent right bundle branch block occurs in about 50% of patients and transitory complete heart block in 60% and permanent pacemakers required for high grade atrioventricular block in about 5% to 20%, Concerns of late occurrence of complete heart block following septal ablation mandates in-patient monitoring for 4 to 5 days,... 

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