Patient care plan evaluation

Patient care plans should include a number of daily evaluations to be performed by the patient, such as examination of the feet for any sores, cuts, or abrasions checking the skin for dryness to prevent cracking and chafing and monitoring blood glucose values as directed. Weekly appraisals of weight and blood pressure are also advised. 

The nursing process is a framework for nursing action consisting of problem-solving steps that help members of the health care team provide effective patient care. It is both a specific and orderly plan used to identify patient problems, develop and implement a plan of action, and then evaluate the results of nursing activities, including the administration of drug . 

Before giving a nonnarcotic analgesic to a patient, the nurse assesses the type, onset, and location of the pain. It is important to determine if this problem is different in any way from previous episodes of pain or discomfort. If the patient is receiving a nonnarcotic analgesic for an arthritic or musculoskeletal disorder or soft tissue inflammation, the nurse should examine the joints or areas involved. The appearance of the skin over the joint or affected area or any limitation of motion is documented. The nurse evaluates the patient s ability to carry out activities of daily living. This important information is used to develop a care plan, as well as to evaluate the response to drug therapy. 

The success of therapy is measured by the degree to which the care plan decreases the pretreatment deterioration rate, preserves the patients functioning, and treats psychiatric and behavioral symptoms. The primary outcome measure is thus subjective information from the patient and the caregiver, although the MMSE can be a helpful tool for monitoring changes in the severity of illness. There are no physical examination or laboratory parameters that are used to evaluate the success of therapy. 

Based on the information presented, create a care plan for BW s hot flashes and vaginal dryness. The plan should include (1) a statement identifying the patient problem and its severity, (2) goals of therapy, (3) a therapeutic plan based on individual patient-specific factors, (4) subjective and objective monitoring parameters, and (5) a follow-up evaluation to assess for adverse effects and adherence and to determine if the goals of therapy have been achieved. 

Develop a care plan for this patient for the first 7 days of his hospitalization. This plan should include the goals of therapy, specific drug recommendations, and monitoring parameters to evaluate outcome. 

Since oropharyngeal and esophageal candidiasis are signs of immunocompromise, the immune status of the patient should be considered in the therapeutic care plan. For HIV-infected patients, this should also include an evaluation of the patient s antiretroviral therapy since fungal infections may represent deterioration in immune status. 

Following treatment, evaluate the goals of therapy versus the response that was achieved. Was there response to treatment or progression of disease If the patient is being treated with supportive care, then alleviation of symptoms and improvement in quality of life should be of primary importance. Be sure to document objective evaluations of the outcome in the care plan. 

As pharmacy practice evolves from a product to a patient orientation, there are unique challenges that arise in managing the value-added services that pharmacists are developing to meet patient needs (e.g., cholesterol screening, diabetes education, drug therapy monitoring, etc.). A section of this book is dedicated to the planning, implementation, reimbursement and evaluation of these new patient care services offered by pharmacists. 

To date.no definitive therapeutic approach has been identified that is applicable to all patients with X-ALD, although a number of interventions have been evaluated as described in this section. The clinical evaluation of the efficacy of therapeutic approaches for this disorder is complicated by the wide spectrum of phenotypic severity, even within the same family, and the lack of a biochemical or genetic marker to predict phenotype. For example, it is not known when a particular patient enters a clinical trial what that patient s precise disease course will be. Therefore, it requires carefully planned clinical trials to determine whether the intervention is having a beneficial effect,... 

The patient care process clearly describes how a pharmaceutical care practitioner fulfills responsibilities outlined in the philosophy of care. The fhree sfeps in the patient care process are assessment, care plan, and evaluation. These three steps are continuous, or may be viewed as being cyclical in nature. The initial assessment helps the practitioner formulate a care plan in concert with the patient, and follow-up evaluation includes documenfation of acfual patienf oufcomes, leading back to assessment of new drug-relafed needs. 

Probing for additional drug-related needs and drug therapy problems through a review of systems Establishing a mutually agreed-on care plan Following up with an evaluation for every patient... 

Service provided 1. Assess all the patient s drug-related needs systematically and comprehensively to achieve all therapeutic goals and to identify drug therapy problems 2. Develop a care plan for the patient to achieve goals of therapy and resolve and prevent drug therapy problems 3. Evaluate the actual patient outcomes and status Continue same service mission Continue same service mission Continue same service mission... 

How does the health plan evaluate new medical procedures, drugs, and devices to ensure that patients have access to safe and effective health care ... 

The patient care process (Fig. 1) describes how an individual practitioner fulfills the responsibilities delineated in the philosophy of practice. This process includes three distinct elements that must be completed for each patient 1) patient assessment 2) creation of a pharmaceutical care plan and 3) follow-up evaluation. The success of the process depends on the quality of the therapeutic relationship established with the patient. 

A multidisciplinary team works in coordination, sharing both patients and responsibility, both in the patient s direct care and in planning such care. Quality is defined in care planning, such as clinical sessions, elaboration, implementation, follow-up and evaluation of protocols, clinical paths and clinical guidelines, participation in different clinical commissions, and so on. Clinical pharmacists must be recognized as leaders in all drug-related aspects. It is not a right, it must be earned. 

Drug-nutrient interactions can affect a patient s nutrition status as well as the response to or adverse effects seen with drug therapy and must be considered when evaluating a patient s nutrition care plan. 

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