Particle engineering

Particle Engineering Research Center and Materials Science and Engineering,... 

Rehman, M., Kippax, P., and York, P. (2003), Particle engineering for improved dispersion in dry powder inhalers. Pharm. Tech Europe, 15(9), 34—39. 

York, P. and Hanna, M. (1996). Particle engineering by supercritical fluid technologies for powder inhalation drug delivery. Proc. Conf. Respiratory Drug Delivery V, Phoenix, AZ, 231-239. 

The spectrum of functionality modification can be substantially enlarged by the coprocessing or particle engineering of two or more existing excipients. Coprocessing involves interaction of two or more excipients at the subparticle level, aimed at... 

Lastly, particle engineering as a method to improve suspension stability may be an alternative. Weers et al. and Dellamary et al. describe the use of hollow porous particles to decrease the attractive forces between particles in suspension (43,51). The similarities between the particles and the dispersing medium (the propellant system enters and fills the porous particles) reduces the effective Hamaker constant that corresponds to forces of attraction, and also makes the density difference between the propellant and the particles smaller. The FPF of these aerosols was reported to be around 70%. 

Weers JG, Tarara TE, Gill H, English BS, Dellamary LA. Homodispersion technology for HFA suspensions particle engineering to reduce dosing variance. Paper presented at RDD VII, 2000. 

Venthoye, G., Weers, J. G., and Tarara, T. E. Pulmosphere particle engineering Technology development to pilot scale and commercial viability, in Proceedings of Drug Delivery to the Lungs XII. London Aerosol Society, 2001. 

This involves the engineering of food powder ingredient particles that can maintain ingredient stability and functionality, that do not present dust formation problems, that do not present difficult handling and transport problems, and can be readily rehydrated to deliver their required functional performance in a wet formulation. The major limitation to this type of approach is the low value of food powders and the low cost driven nature of food powder product that stunts this type of innovation. On the other hand, particle engineering is the key to the higher added value of food powders, e g. by producing products with excellent instant properties. 

Shoyele SA, Cawthome S. 2006. Particle engineering techniques for inhaled biopharmaceuticals. Adv. Drug Deliv. Rev. 58(9-10) 1009-1029. 

Dennehy RD. 2003. Particle engineering using power ultrasound. OPR D 7 1002-1006. 

Key Words Dry powder inhalers (DPI) Pulmonary drug delivery Insulin Particle engineering Spray drying Liposomes Aerosol solvent extraction system (ASES) Technosphere insulin. 

Particle Engineering Research Center, University of Florida... 

Formulation of readily dispersible powders by particle engineering... 

Other solution-based particle engineering applications have been introduced in the past several years. Each process requires the dissolution of a drug into a solvent and then precipitation in an antisolvent or evaporation... 

Thus far, most particulate administration has been restricted to infrequently dosed pharmaceuticals, such as phase contrast agents. Repeat intravenous administration of particulates is a young science which is expected to benefit from emerging particle engineering technologies. 

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