Parsley Petroselinum crispum

Parsley (Petroselinum crispum) Rocket salad (Eruca vesicaria saliva Mill)... 

Key flavour compounds Carrot Daucus carota) Celery and celeriac Apium graveolens) Parsnip Pastinaca sativa) Parsley Petroselinum crispum)... 

Parsley (Petroselinum crispum) is a member of the Apiaceae family. The fresh leaves of parsley and the dried herb are widely used as flavouring. More than 80 compounds have been identified in the volatile fraction, and the aromatic volatiles of parsley are mainly monoterpenes and the aromatics myristicin and api-ole. It is suggested that the characteristic odour of parsley is due to the presence ofp-mentha-l,3,8-triene, myrcene, 3-sec-butyl-2-methoxypyrazine, myristicin, linalool, (Z)-6-decenal and (Z)-3-hexenal [227, 228]. Furthermore, /3-phellan-drene, 4-isopropenyl-l-methylbenzene and terpinolene contribute significantly... 

Studies have shown that phenylpropanoid metabolism can be stimulated by ozone. The activity of PAL increased in soybean [91], Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) [92], and parsley (Petroselinum crispum L.) [93] soon after treatment with 150-200 nmol O3 mol 1. Rapid increases in transcript levels for PAL in response to ozone have been observed in parsley [93], Arabidopsis thaliana L. Heynhold [94] and tobacco (Nicoticma tabacum L.) [95]. Transcript levels for 4-coumarate CoA ligase (4CL), the last enzyme in the general phenylpropanoid pathway, increased commensurately with PAL transcripts in ozone-treated parsley seedlings [93]. Phenolic compunds reported to accumulate in leaf tissue in response to ozone include hydroxycinnamic acids, salicylic acid, stilbenes, flavonoids, furanocoumarins, acetophenones, and proanthocyanidins [85, 92, 93, 96, 97]. 

Flavones are structurally very similar to flavonols and differ only in the absence of hydroxylation at the 3-position on the C-ring. Flavones are mainly represented in the diet by apigenin and luteolin. Unlike flavonols, they are not widely distributed with significant concentrations being reported in only celery (Apium graveolens), parsley (Petroselinum crispum), and artichoke (Cynara scolymus) [Crozier et al., 2006a]. As a consequence their dietary intake... 

Henstrand JM. 1992. Light and fungal elicitor induce 3-deoxy-D-arabino-heptulonosate 7-phosphate synthase mRNA in suspension cultured cells of parsley (Petroselinum crispum L.). Plant Physiol 98 761-763. 

PARSLEY -- Petroselinum crispum. Family Umbelliferae (Carrot family). 

Parsley Petroselinum crispum (Mill) Nyman ex A.W. Hill Leaf Belgium, Canada, France, Germany, Hungary... 

Ozsoy-Sacan, O., Yanardag, R., Orak, H., Ozgey, Y., Yarat, A. and Tunali, T. (2006) Effects of parsley (Petroselinum crispum) extract versus glibornuride on the liver of streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Journal of Ethnopharmacology 1 04(1 -2), 1 75-181. 

Popovic, M., Kaurinovic, B., Jakovljevic, V., Mimica-Dukic, N. and Bursae, M. (2007) Effect of parsley (Petroselinum crispum (Mill.) Nym. ex A.W. Hill, Apiaceae) extracts on some biochemical parameters of oxidative stress in mice treated with CCI4. Phytotherapy Research 21 (8), 717-723. 

Wong, Y.Y.P. and Kitts, D.D. (2006) Studies on the dual antioxidant and antibacterial properties of parsley (Petroselinum crispum) and ci lantro (Coriandrum sativum) extracts. Food Chemistry 97, 505-515. 

Zhang, H., Chen, F., Wang, X. and Yao, H.-Y. (2006) Evaluation of antioxidant activity of parsley (Petroselinum crispum) essential oil and identification of its antioxidant constituents. Food Research International 39, 833-839. 

Parsley (Petroselinum crispum) Sweet basil (Ocimum basilicum) Coriander ( Coriandrum sativum) Summer savory (Satureja hortensis) Sweet marjoram (Origanum majorana)... 

Nielsen SE, Young JF, Daneshvar B, Lauridsen ST, Knuthsen P, Sandstrom B, Dragsted LO. ElFect of parsley (Petroselinum crispum) intake on urinary apigenin excretion, blood antioxidant enzymes and biomarkers for oxidative stress in human subjects, Br J Nutr 1999 81 447-455. 

Shimoda, H., Y. Kawahara, and M. Yoshikawa. 2000. Bioactive constituents of medicinal herb Phytoestrogens from parsley (Petroselinum crispum). Aroma Res. l(2) 67-74. 

Paroiite . See Zinc formaldehyde sulfoxylate Parrot green. See Copper acetoarsenite Parsley. See Parsley (Petroselinum crispum) Parsley (Carum petroselinum) extract CAS 84012-33-9 EINECS/ELINCS 281-677-1 Synonyms Carum petroselinum Carum petroselinum extract Carum petroselinum herb extract Parsley extract Petroselinum crispum extract Petroselinum sativum extract Definition Extract of the parsley, Carum petroseiinum... 

Parsley (Petroselinum crispum) Parsley (Carum petroselinum) seed oil Patchouli (Pogostemon cablin) oil Peach (Prunus persica) kernel oil Pennyroyal (Mentha pulegium) oil... 

As described above, the first enzyme general to all flavonoid biosynthesis, chalcone synthase (naringenin-chalcone synthase), catalyzes the cyclization of a precursor formed from p-coumaryl-CoA and three units of malonyl-CoA (Fig. 11.6) (Dewick, 1989 Gerats and Martin, 1992 Heller and Forkmann, 1988). The enzyme, usually found in plant epidermal cells, has a molecular weight of about 42,000, requires no cofactors, and has been isolated from several plant cell cultures such as French bean Phaseolus vulgaris), parsley Petroselinum crispum), and the flowers of the carnation (Dianthus caryophyllus, Caryophyllaceae) (Hutchinson, 1986). p-Coumaiic acid and malonyl-CoA are the preferred precursors. Malonyl-ACP will not serve. 

Luthria, D.L. 2008. Influence of experimental conditions on the extraction of phenolic compounds from parsley (Petroselinum crispum) flakes using a pressurized liquid extractor. Foorf C/jem. 107 745-752. 

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