Antioxidants constituents

Netzel, M. et ah. Renal excretion of antioxidative constituents from red beet in humans. Food Res. Int., 38, 1051, 2005. 

An extract from Lactuca indica showed significant free radical scavenging activity, and protected phixl74 supercoiled DNA against strand cleavage and reduced oxidative stress in human promyelocytic leukemia HL-60 cells. On account of protocatechulic acid, methyl p-hydroxybenzoate, caffeic acid, 3,5-dicaffeoylquinic acid, luteolin 7-O-fT glucopyranoside, and quercetin 3-0-(3-g 1 ucopyranoside are the major antioxidative constituents (111). 

Gil MI, Ferreres F and Tomas-Barberan FA. 1999. Effect of postharvest storage and processing on the antioxidant constituents (flavonoids and vitamin C) of fresh-cut spinach. J Agric Food Chem 47(6) 2213— 2217. 

Marin A, Ferreres F and Tomas-Barberan FA, Gil MI. 2004. Characterization and quantitation of antioxidant constituents of sweet pepper (Capsicum armuiim L.). J Agric Food Chem 52 3861-3869. 

Deepa N, Kaur C, George B, Singh B, Kapoor HC (2005) Antioxidant constituents in some sweet pepper Capsicum annuum L.) genotypes during maturity. Pood Sci Technol 40 121-129... 

Westenburg, H.E. et al.. Activity-guided isolation of antioxidative constituents of Cotinus coggy-gria, J. Nat. Prod., 63, 1696, 2000. 

In an effort to investigate antioxidant constituents with antiproliferative effects in rat vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC), broussoflavan A (36) [49], broussoflavonols F (45) [50] and G (46) [51], and broussoaurone A (48) [49] were found to inhibit the Fe2+-induced thiobarbituric acid-reactive substance formation in rat brain homogenate. Furthermore, broussoflavonols F (45) and G (46) inhibited fetal calf serum-, 5-hydroxytryptamine-, or ADP-induced [3H]thymidine incorporation into rat VSMC [45]. Antioxidant activities and inhibitory effects on proliferation of rat VSMC with potent antiplatelet activities of 45 and 46 may be useful for vascular diseases and atherosclerosis [43,45]. 

Matsuda, H. et al., Antioxidant constituents from rhubarb structural requirements of stilbenes for the activity and structures of two new anthroquinone glucosides, Bioorg. Med. Chem., 9, 41-50, 2001. 

Yoshikawa, M., Harada, E., Miki, A., Tsukamoto, K., Liang, S.Q., Yamahara, J. and Murakami, N. (1994) Antioxidant constituents from the fruit hulls of mangosteen (Garcinia mangostana L.) originating in Vietnam. Yakugaku Zasshi journal of the Pharmaceutical Society of japan 11 4(2), 129-1 33. 

Zhang, H., Chen, F., Wang, X. and Yao, H.-Y. (2006) Evaluation of antioxidant activity of parsley (Petroselinum crispum) essential oil and identification of its antioxidant constituents. Food Research International 39, 833-839. 

Cuvelier, M.-E., Berset, C. and Richard, H. 1994. Antioxidant constituents in sage (Salvia officinalis). J. Agr. Food Chem. 42 665-669. 

Schwarz, K. and Temes, W. 1992a. Antioxidative constituents of Rosmarinus officinalis and Salvia officinalis I. Determination of phenolic diterpenes with antioxidative activity amongst tocochromanols using HPLC. Z. Lebensm.-unters. Forsch. 195 95-98. 

Schwarz, K., Ernst, H. and Ternes, W. 1996. Evaluation of antioxidative constituents from thyme. J. Sci. Food. Agric. 70 217-223. 

Permana, D Lajis, N.H Abas, F Othman, A.G Ahmad, R.N Kitajima, M Takayama, II Aimi, N. Antioxidative constituents of Hedyotis diffusa. Willd. Natural Product Sciences. 2003,9(1), 7-9. 

The antioxidant activity of different food products has been linked to their preventive role in cardiovascular disease [68 86 98 99]. Many of them are fruit and vegetables, although cereals, herbs and spices also show important antioxidant activity. Processed fruit products also provide important antioxidant protection as has been described for orange and lemon juice, [100], grape juice [91], grape pomace [101] and red wines [102-107]. Very pronounced in vitro antioxidant activity has been demonstrated in tea [99 108] and olives [27]. Many herbs and spices containing antioxidant constituents can be useful to prevent rancidity of meat and fish products [109-112]. Fibre also has antioxidant activity, mainly due to the presence of phenolic metabolites linked to the polysaccharides [87]. Thus, the antioxidant activity of barley leaves [93], pineapple peel fibre [113] and rice-hull [114] have been described. 

Schwarz K, Ternes W, Schmauderer W. Antioxidative constituents of Rosemarinus officinalis wA Salvia officinalis. III. Stability of phenolic diterpenes of rosemary extracts imder thermal stress as required for technological processes. Z Lebensm Forschung 1992 195 104-107. 

Okada, K., et al. "Identification of Antimicrobial and Antioxident Constituents from Licorice of Russian and Xinjiang Origin." Chem Pharm Bull 37(9) 25282530, 1989. Abstract. 

Takeoka, G.R. and Dao, L.T., Antioxidant constituents of almond [Prunus dulcis (Mill.) D.A. Webb] hulls, J. Agric. Food Chem., 51, 496-501, 2003. 

Schwarz, K. Ternes W. (1992). Antioxidative constituents of Rosmarinus officinalis and Salvia officinalis. 2. isolation of carnosic acid and formation of other phenolic diterpenes. Zeitschrift Fur Lehensmittel-Untersuchung Und-Forschung, Vol.195, pp. 99-103, ISSN 1438-2377... 

A simple example of the type of data that can be obtained in the on-flow mode is shown for the online identification of the antioxidant constituents of the CH2CI2 extract of an Indonesian medicinal plant Orophea eneandra (Annonaceae). This extract had a relatively simple composition consisting of five main constituents. The separation was achieved at 1 ml min with a MeCN-D20 gradient (20 80-95 5 in 50 min). A loading of 2 mg of the extract on-column was necessary and spectra were recorded with 32 transients per increment on a 500 MHz instrument equipped with a 60 pi flow cell. Solvent suppression was performed on-the-fly by applying the WET sequence. 

Okada, K, Y. Tamura, M. Yamamoto, Y. Inoue, R. Takagaki, K. Takahashi, S. Demizu, K. Kajiyama, Y. Hiraga, and T. Kinoshita Identification of Antimicrobial and Antioxidant Constituents from Licorice of Russian and Xinjiang Origin. Chem. Pharm. Bull. (Japan), 37, 2528 (1989). 

MAO inhibitory and antioxidative constituents for the activities relevant to neurodegenera-tive disorders and Parkinson s disease. J Ethanopharmacol 127 357-367... 

Agnihotri VK, ElSohly NH, Khan SI, Smillie TJ, Khan lA, Walker LA (2008) Antioxidant constituents of Nymphaea caerulea flowers. Phytochemistry 69 2061... 

Xiang T, Uno T, Ogino F, Ai C, Duo J, Sankawa U (2005) Antioxidant constituents of Caragana tibetica. Chem Pharm Bull 53 1204—1206... 

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