Parameters studied

The benefit of such a model is that better understanding of the wave propagation process may be gained. Also, it is possible to make controlled parameter studies in order to understand the influence of e.g. defect orientation, probe angle and frequency on the test results. Results may be presented as A-, B- or C-scans. 

Reports have appeared in the Hterature of the use of human growth hormone in older men. It has been proposed that a reduction in growth hormone in old age is responsible for increased adipose tissue, loss of lean body mass, and thinning of skin. Current studies conducted on older men indicate the hormone reverses these effects. In the parameters studied the patients resembled those of persons 10 —20 years younger (70). 

Parameter studies have shown that single-layer nanotubes can be produced by the arc method under a wide range of conditions, with large variations in variables such as the buffer gas pressure (100-500 Torr), gas flow rate, and metal concentration in the... 

The following example illustrates some of these features. In a clean room with automated transporting and processing facilities, there are two quality classes of air. The space close to the small items under processing and the treating facilities should be exposed only to air of class A quality (very low contaminant level) and the rest of the room air is class B quality (normal standard). Figures 11.2 and 11.3 (see color insert) represent two out of a large number of parameter studies. 

The results of a parameter study were used to compose a diagram (Figure 6.33) which can be used to determine initial fragment velocity (Baker et al. 1978a and 1983). 

Engineering Parameters Study of Nitrogen Tetroxide Flow Decay , AFRPL TR-72-38 (1972)... 

A month-long study of the effects of ultraviolet radiation (UV) on phytoplankton and ice-algae collected from Arthur Harbor, Anvers Island, Antarctica, was carried out during November-December 1987. The parameters studied included primary production rates, photosynthetic... 

With a set of parameters studied during shear stress experiments a critical shear stress level for recombinant and non-recombinant BHK cells could be determined [48,52]. Figure 2 shows the critical level by calculating the LDH-Release Rate as a marker for cell death. 

Somkuti SG, Lapadula DM, Chapin RE, et al. 1987b. Time course of the tri-o-cresyl phosphate-induced testicular lesion in F-344 rats Enzymatic, hormonal, and sperm parameter studies. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 89 64-72. 

Electrolyte used Method of analysis Morphological parameters studied Reference... 

The draft-tube airlift bioreactor was studied using water-in-kerosene microemulsions [263], The effect of draft tube area vs. the top-section area on various parameters was studied. The effect of gas flow rates on recirculation and gas carry over due to incomplete gas disengagement were studied [264], Additionally, the effect of riser to downcomer volume was also studied. The effect of W/O ratio and viscosity was tested on gas hold-up and mass transfer coefficient [265], One limitation of these studies was the use of plain water as the aqueous phase in the cold model. The absence of biocatalyst or any fermentation broth from the experiments makes these results of little value. The effect of the parameters studied will greatly depend on the change in viscosity, hold-up, phase distribution caused due to the presence of biocatalyst, such as IGTS8, due to production of biosurfactants, etc., by the biocatalyst. Thus, further work including biocatalyst is necessary to truly assess the utility of the draft-tube airlift bioreactor for biodesulfurization. 

Method/technique Microbial systems Parameters studied References... 

The results of this evaluation lead to the conclusion that a rectangular-based cubicle is the preferred room configuration. Additional parameter studies concluded that in the rectangular cubicle configuration, reinforced concrete is the preferred construction material over structural steel. Design of reinforced... 

The adsorbed species behaves like a gas in a polar medium or like a non polar solute in a polar solvent. This intermediate behavior between gas and liquid is well suggested by all the parameters studied. 

Mathematical Modelling of a Selfpolishing Antifouling Paint Exposed to Seawater - A Parameter Study, Chem. Eng. Res. Des., 80 (Al), pp. 45-53. 

Within the Parameter Study Block, the algorithm is designed to test whether solubility has been exceeded or not. As a result the same model generated by ECES can be used to predict HC1 vapor pressures over unsaturated solutions of FeC12-HCl-H20 without modifying the basic program created by ECES. In a paper by Chen (17) some limited experimental data was presented on the vapor pressure of HC1 over ferrous chloride system. 

When the model was completed, it was used to explore the operating space of a typical kiln in order to obtain a better understanding of the CO concentration in the kiln and of the afterburning characteristics. A list of the parameters studied are listed in Table IX. The base operating conditions were those of T-3 12/9 of Table VII. The studies on throughput of catalyst (Id) and activity for CO burning (3a) will illustrate typical results. 

Respiration inhibition kinetics analysis (RIKA) involves the measurement of the effect of toxicants on the kinetics of biogenic substrate (e.g., butyric acid) removal by activated sludge microorganisms. The kinetic parameters studied are max> the maximum specific substrate removal rate (determined indirectly by measuring the maximum respiration rate), and Ks, the half-saturation coefficient [19]. The procedure consists of measuring with a respirometer the Monod kinetic parameters, Vinax and Ks, in the absence and in the presence of various concentrations of the inhibitory compound. 

Hattis et al. (1987) examined the variability in key pharmacokinetic parameters (elimination half-lives (Ty ), area under the curve (AUC), and peak concentration (C ax) in blood) in healthy adults based on 101 data sets for 49 specific chemicals (mostly drugs). For the median chemical, a 10-fold difference in these parameters would correspond to 7-9 standard deviations in populations of normal healthy adults. For one relatively lipophilic chemical, a 10-fold difference would correspond to only about 2.5 standard deviations in the population. The authors remarked that the parameters studied are only components of the overall susceptibility to toxic substances and did not include contributions from variability in exposure- and response-determining parameters. The study also implicitly excluded most human interindividual variability from age and diseases. When these other sources of variability are included, it is likely that a 10-fold difference will correspond to fewer standard deviations in the overall population and thus a greater number of people at risk of toxicity. 

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